SCARE OF BALD HEAD? HAIR LOSS – A COMMON PROBLEM WITH HOLISTIC APPROCH

Homoeopathy is considered as one of the very best alternative system for treating hair loss. Hair loss can affect scalp or entire body. It can be the result of heredity, hormonal changes, medical conditions or medications. Anyone like men, women and children can experience hair loss. Baldness typically refers to excessive hair loss from scalp. Hereditary hair loss with age is the most common cause of baldness. Some people prefer to let their baldness run its course untreated and unhidden. 

Causes

Most people normally shed 50 to 100 hairs a day. This usually doesn't cause noticeable thinning of scalp hair because new hair is growing in at the same time. Hair loss occurs when this cycle of hair growth and shedding is disrupted or when the hair follicle is destroyed and replaced with scar tissue.

The exact cause of hair loss may not be fully understood, but it's usually related to one or more of the following factors: Family history (heredity), Hormonal changes, Medical conditions, Medications

Family history - The most common cause of hair loss is a hereditary condition called male-pattern baldness or female-pattern baldness. It usually occurs gradually and in predictable patterns — a receding hairline and bald spots in men and thinning hair in women. Heredity also affects the age at which begin to lose hair, the rate of hair loss and the extent of baldness. Pattern baldness is most common in men and can begin as early as puberty. This type of hair loss may involve both hair thinning and miniaturization (hair becomes soft, fine and short).

Hormonal changes and medical conditions - A variety of conditions can cause hair loss, including: Hormonal changes and imbalances can cause temporary hair loss. This could be due to pregnancy, childbirth or the onset of menopause. Hormone levels are also affected by the thyroid gland, so thyroid problems may cause hair loss.

Patchy hair loss - This type of nonscarring hair loss is called alopecia areata. It occurs when the body's immune system attacks hair follicles — causing sudden hair loss that leaves smooth, roundish bald patches on the skin.

Scalp infections - Infections, such as ringworm, can invade the hair and skin of your scalp, leading to scaly patches and hair loss. Once infections are treated, hair generally grows back.

Other skin disorders - Diseases that cause scarring alopecia may result in permanent loss at the scarred areas. These conditions include lichen planus, some types of lupus and sarcoidosis.

Hair-pulling disorder - This condition, also called trichotillomania, causes people to have an irresistible urge to pull out their hair, whether it's from the scalp, the eyebrows or other areas of the body.

Medications - Hair loss can be caused by drugs used for cancer, arthritis, depression, heart problems, high blood pressure and birth control. Intake of too much vitamin A may cause hair loss as well.

Hair loss can also result from Radiation therapy to the head. The hair may not grow back the same as it was before.

Many people experience a general thinning of hair several months after a physical or emotional shock. This type of hair loss is temporary. Examples of trigger events include sudden or excessive weight loss, a high fever, surgery, or a death in the family.

Certain hairstyles and treatments. Excessive hairstyling or hairstyles that pull your hair tight, such as pigtails or cornrows, can cause traction alopecia. Hot oil hair treatments and permanents can cause inflammation of hair follicles that leads to hair loss. If scarring occurs, hair loss could be permanent.

Clinical Manifestations

Hair loss can appear in many different ways, depending on what's causing it. It can come on suddenly or gradually. Some types of hair loss are temporary, and others are permanent.

Signs and symptoms of hair loss may include:

Gradual thinning on top of head. This is the most common type of hair loss, affecting both men and women as they age. In men, hair often begins to recede from the forehead in a line that resembles the letter M. Women typically retain the hairline on the forehead but have a broadening of the part in their hair.

Circular or patchy bald spots. Some people experience smooth, coin-sized bald spots. This type of hair loss usually affects just the scalp, but it sometimes also occurs in beards or eyebrows. In some cases, your skin may become itchy or painful before the hair falls out.

Sudden loosening of hair. A physical or emotional shock can cause hair to loosen. Handfuls of hair may come out when combing or washing your hair or even after gentle tugging. This type of hair loss usually causes overall hair thinning and not bald patches.

Full-body hair loss. Some conditions and medical treatments, such as chemotherapy for cancer, can result in the loss of hair all over your body. The hair usually grows back.

Patches of scaling that spread over the scalp. This is a sign of ringworm. It may be accompanied by broken hair, redness, swelling and, at times, oozing.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis made with help of physical exam, medical history, and family history and with some tests.

Blood test - This may help uncover medical conditions related to hair loss, such as thyroid disease.

Pull test - gently pulls several dozen hairs to see how many come out. This helps determine the stage of the shedding process.

Scalp biopsy - scrapes samples from the skin or from a few hairs plucked from the scalp to examine the hair roots. This can help determine whether an infection is causing hair loss.

Light microscopy - Microscopy helps uncover possible disorders of the hair shaft and to examine hairs trimmed at their bases.

MANAGEMENT

These tips may help avoid preventable types of hair loss:

·         Eat a nutritionally balanced diet.

·         Avoid tight hairstyles, such as braids, buns or ponytails.

·         Avoid compulsively twisting, rubbing or pulling your hair.

·         Treat your hair gently when washing and brushing. A wide-toothed comb may help prevent pulling out hair.

·         Avoid harsh treatments such as hot rollers, curling irons, hot oil treatments and permanents.

·         A good daily multivitamin containing zinc, vitamin B, folate, iron, and calcium is a reasonable choice, although there is no good evidence that vitamins have any meaningful benefit in alopecia. Newer studies suggest that vitamin D may be somewhat helpful and worth considering. Specific vitamin and mineral deficiencies like iron or vitamin B12 may be diagnosed by blood tests and treated.

·         Multiple vitamins, including biotin, have been promoted for hair growth, but solid scientific studies for many of these claims are lacking. 

Home remedies

·         Onion Juice for hair growth - This remedy is regarded as one of most effective and oldest ones. The reason behind is that it contains sulphur that boosts collagen production in the tissues and helps in the re-growth of hair. Don’t let its strong smell keep you away from using it, because it goes off just after one rinse. To try this remedy, cut a few slices of onion and squeeze out its juice (either by mashing it or grating it) and apply it on your scalp for about 10-15 minutes. Let it work its magic and then rinse it off with a mild shampoo.

·         Coconut Milk - it is rich in iron, potassium and essential fats, take coconut milk from a fresh coconut, to it add half a squeeze of lemon, 4 drops of essential lavender oil. Mix it thoroughly and apply it on your scalp, leave it on for 4-5 hours and then rinse it off.”

·         Apple Cider Vinegar – This vinegar gently cleanses the scalp and maintains the pH balance of the hair thereby accelerating hair growth.  Start for making a diluted solution by mixing 75ml of it in one litre of water for a larger batch or 15 ml of it to a cup of warm filtered water for a smaller batch.

·         Egg Mask – This home remedy is used all over the world for quick and natural hair growth. As we know, eggs contain high levels of proteins which help in the formation of new hair. It is also rich in sulphur, zinc, iron, selenium, phosphorous and iodine.
For the egg mask, separate one egg white in a bowl and add one teaspoon of olive oil ( you can also use grape seed oil or lavender oil )and honey. Make a paste of it and apply it all over your hair and scalp for about 20 minutes. Rinse it off with cool water and some shampoo.  

·         Fenugreek– This herb is also an age-old remedy for hair growth problems. It contains proteins and nicotinic acid; protein-enriched diets have been known to encourage stimulation of hair growth. Add a tablespoon of this herb and water in a grinder till a smooth paste it formed. Add a little coconut oil (or milk) to it and apply on your hair and scalp for half an hour. Wash it off with a mild shampoo.

·         Green tea, as you know is super rich in antioxidants and that helps in boosting hair growth and preventing hair loss. Apply warm green tea (from the used tea bags) over your scalp and leave it for an hour. Wash it off with cool water.

·         Indian Gooseberry (amla) – This magical fruit is a powerhouse of nutrients. It’s rich in Vitamin C and that accelerates hair growth. All you need to do is, mix 2 teaspoons of amla powder or juice with equal amounts of lime juice and let it dry. Rinse it off with some warm water. It will also prevent hair pigmentation.

HOMOEOPATHIC MANAGEMENT

            Homoeopathic mode of treatment has good scope and can aid regrowth of hair. Homoeopathic medicines stimulate the hair roots to promote regrowth. The medicines used in Homoeopathy to aid hair regrowth are all of natural origin and therefore, safe for use among persons of all age groups. The main advantage of opting for Homoeopathic medicines for hair regrowth is the absence of any related toxic side effects. Hair-loss is again just an indicator that there is something not well in our body. The hairs may fall due to a local infection or due to a systemic disorder or deficiency. The treatment also varies accordingly. The following homoeopathic medicines are often found indicated in cases of hair fall: Alum, Ars, Bar-c, Carbo-veg, Flour-ac, Graph, Lyco, Nat-m, Nit-ac, Phos-ac, Phos, Selen, Sep, Syph, Thallium, Vinca.

Medicine	Indication
Fluoricum Acidum	It is considered excellent for hair loss, especially alopecia areata, where the patient loses hair from spots on the scalp. It is also adept at dealing with the resulting hair fall after a period of sickness, hair breakage, hair fall caused by syphilis, and hair gets tangled a lot. It is recommended by a lot of homeopathic doctors.
Phosphorus	It is a medicine that is capable of curing a wide array of diseases. While it is popular for treating alopecia, it is also used to heal issues of the gastrointestinal tract, blood, nervous tissue, and bones.
Calcarea Carbonica	Calcarea Carb, has been found to be one of the best homeopathic medicines for hair regrowth. It is often prescribed to patients for whom hair loss is accompanied by intense itching and sweating of the scalp.
Vinca Minor	Vinca Minor is efficient in treating alopecia when it is accompanied by dandruff. It is also used to treat abnormal hair growth i.e. when the hair grows out like white wool.
Silicea	It is hard to believe that this deep acting remedy is inert before it undergoes potentization. It is used to treat a wide range of diseases. Homeopaths commonly prescribe Silicea for baldness accompanied with pain. It also treats skin conditions like eczema, which may sometimes cause dandruff.
Baryta Carbonica	This homeopathic cure is administered to young people suffering from premature baldness. It is generally used to treat timid people who are experiencing baldness along with throat complaints and issues such as tonsillitis.
Lycopodium Clavatum	This is one of the best homeopathic medicines for preventing a number of hair-related problems. Lycopodium is a wonderful remedy for hair loss, premature graying of the hair, and even baldness. It is prepared from club moss (fungus), which is potentized for its usage. This homeopathic medicine also tackles premature balding.
Psorinum	Psorinum is the best treatment for hair loss that is caused due to dandruff. Dandruff is a common result of skin conditions like psoriasis and eczema. Psorinum tackles the root of the cause, reducing hair fall and dandruff at the same time.
Mezereum	This is another medicine that efficiently deals with conditions of the skin such as rashes, lesions, and psoriasis. It tackles hair fall in people who have crusty scalps and infected scalps with pus. It is also ideal for encouraging hair growth.
Kali Sulphuricum	When the dandruff is yellow in color, Kali Sulphuricum is a good treatment to resort to. It promises great results and is often prescribed by homeopaths to patients who complain of dandruff and hair loss together.
Natrum Muriaticum	The interesting thing about Natrum Muriaticum is that it is made from common salt through potentization. It is used to treat a myriad of issues and is perfect for treating post childbirth hair fall. It is also prescribed for hair fall in women suffering from anemia.
Pulsatilla Pratensis	This is administered to women suffering from post-delivery hair loss. The people to whom this medicine is prescribed often report a lack of thirst and a desire for breathing in fresh air. It is also administered to women who have trouble in digesting fatty food.

DIABETES MELLITUS HOLISTIC APPROCH TO ITS COMMON COMPLICATIONS

 Homoeopathy is considered as one of the very best alternative system for treating Diabetes Mellitus & its complications. Diabetes mellitus (DM), commonly referred to as diabetes, is a group of metabolic disorders in which there are high blood sugar levels over a prolonged period. Symptoms of high blood sugar include frequent urination, increased thirst, and increased hunger. If left untreated, diabetes can cause many complications. Acute complications can include diabetic ketoacidosis, hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state, or death. Serious long-term complications include cardiovascular disease, stroke, chronic kidney disease, foot ulcers, and damage to the eyes.
Diabetes is due to either the pancreas not producing enough insulin or the cells of the body not responding properly to the insulin produced. There are three main types of diabetes mellitus:
Type 1 DM results from the pancreas's failure to produce enough insulin. This form was previously referred to as "insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus" (IDDM) or "juvenile diabetes". The cause is unknown.
Type 2 DM begins with insulin resistance, a condition in which cells fail to respond to insulin properly. As the disease progresses a lack of insulin may also develop. This form was previously referred to as "non insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus" (NIDDM) or "adult-onset diabetes". The most common cause is excessive body weight and not enough exercise.
Gestational diabetes is the third main form and occurs when pregnant women without a previous history of diabetes develop high blood sugar levels.
In this article we discuss briefly about complications of Diabetes mellitus and its treatments & preventions.
The complications of diabetes mellitus are far less common and less severe in people who have well-controlled blood sugar levels. Chronic complications occur due to a mix of microangiopathy, macrovascular disease and immune dysfunction in the form of autoimmune disease or poor immune response, most of which are difficult to manage. Microangipoathy can affect all vital organs, kidneys, heart and brain, as well as eyes, nerves, lungs and locally gums and feet. Macrovascular problems can lead to cardiovascular disease including erectile dysfunction. Female infertility may be due to endocrine dysfunction with impaired signalling on a molecular level. Other health problems compound the chronic complications of diabetes such as smoking, obesity, high blood pressure, elevated cholesterol levels, and lack of regular exercise which are accessible to management as they are modifiable. Non-modifiable risk factors of diabetic complications are type of diabetes, age of onset, and genetic factors, both protective and predisposing have been found.
ACUTE COMPLICATIONS OF DIABETES MELLITUS
Acute complications include hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia, diabetic coma and nonketotic hyperosmolar coma.
Diabetic ketoacidosis
Ketoacidosis is much more common in type 1 diabetes than type 2. Diabetic ketoacidosis is an acute and dangerous complication that is always a medical emergency and requires prompt medical attention. Low insulin levels cause the liver to turn fatty acid to ketone for fuel (i.e., ketosis); ketone bodies are intermediate substrates in that metabolic sequence. This is normal when periodic, but can become a serious problem if sustained. Elevated levels of ketone bodies in the blood decrease the blood's pH, leading to this condition. On presentation at hospital, the patient is typically dehydrated and breathing rapidly and deeply. Abdominal pain is common and may be severe. The level of consciousness is typically normal until late in the process, when lethargy may progress to coma. Ketoacidosis can easily become severe enough to cause hypotension, shock, and death. Urine analysis will reveal significant levels of ketone bodies (which have exceeded their renal threshold blood levels to appear in the urine, often before other overt symptoms). Prompt, proper treatment usually results in full recovery, though death can result from inadequate or delayed treatment, or from complications (e.g., brain edema)
Hyperglycemia hyperosmolar state
This is more common in type 2 diabetes than type 1. Nonketotic hyperosmolar coma  is an acute complication sharing many symptoms with diabetic ketoacidosis, but an entirely different origin and different treatment. A person with very high (usually considered to be above 300 mg/dl) blood glucose levels, water is osmotically drawn out of cells into the blood and the kidneys eventually begin to dump glucose into the urine. This results in loss of water and an increase in blood osmolarity. If fluid is not replaced (by mouth or intravenously), the osmotic effect of high glucose levels, combined with the loss of water, will eventually lead to dehydration. The body's cells become progressively dehydrated as water is taken from them and excreted. Electrolyte imbalances are also common and are always dangerous. Urgent medical treatment is necessary, commonly beginning with fluid volume replacement. Lethargy may ultimately progress to a coma.
Hypoglycemia
Hypoglycemia is low blood glucose (blood sugar). It is possible for blood glucose to drop, especially if person taking insulin or a diabetic drugs (those make your body produce insulin throughout the day). With these medications, if person eat less than usual or were more active, then blood glucose may dip too much. Other possible causes of hypoglycemia include certain medications (aspirin, for example, lowers the blood glucose level if you take a dose of more than 81mg) and too much alcohol (alcohol keeps the liver from releasing glucose).
The signs and symptoms of low blood glucose are easy to recognize: Rapid heartbeat, Sweating, Whiteness of skin, Anxiety, Numbness in fingers, toes, and lips, Sleepiness, Confusion, Headache, Slurred speech. Mild cases of hypoglycemia can be treated by drinking orange juice or eating a glucose tabletthose will quickly raise your blood glucose level. In severe cases, an injection of glucagon (a hormone with effects largely opposite to those of insulin) or an intravenous infusion of dextrose is used for treatment, but usually only if the person is unconscious. In any given incident, glucagon will only work once as it uses stored liver glycogen as a glucose source; in the absence of such stores, glucagon is largely ineffective. In hospitals, intravenous dextrose is often used.
Diabetic coma
Diabetic coma is a medical emergency in which a person with diabetes mellitus is comatose (unconscious) because of one of the acute complications of diabetes:  Severe diabetic hypoglycemia, Diabetic ketoacidosis advanced enough to result in unconsciousness from a combination of severe hyperglycemia, dehydration and shock, and exhaustion, Hyperosmolar nonketotic coma in which extreme hyperglycemia and dehydration alone are sufficient to cause unconsciousness.
CHRONIC COMPLICATIONS OF DIABETES MELLITUS
Long-term complications of diabetes develop gradually. The longer diabetes  and the less controlled blood sugar  the higher the risk of complications. Eventually, diabetes complications may be disabling or even life-threatening. Possible complications include: Microangiopathy & Macrovascular disease
Cardiovascular disease. Diabetes dramatically increases the risk of various cardiovascular problems, including coronary artery disease with chest pain (angina), heart attack, stroke and narrowing of arteries (atherosclerosis). Diabetic cardiomyopathy, damage to the heart muscle, leading to impaired relaxation and filling of the heart with blood (diastolic dysfunction) and eventually heart failure; this condition can occur independent of damage done to the blood vessels over time from high levels of blood glucose
Nerve damage (neuropathy). Excess sugar can injure the walls of the tiny blood vessels (capillaries) that nourish your nerves, especially in your legs. This can cause tingling, numbness, burning or pain that usually begins at the tips of the toes or fingers and gradually spreads upward. Left untreated, you could lose all sense of feeling in the affected limbs. Damage to the nerves related to digestion can cause problems with nausea, vomiting, diarrhea or constipation.
Erectile Dysfunction: Estimates of the prevalence of erectile dysfunction in men with diabetes range from 20 to 85 percent when defined as consistent inability to have an erection firm enough for sexual intercourse. Among men with erectile dysfunction, those with diabetes are likely to have experienced the problem as much as 10 to 15 years earlier than men without diabetes
Kidney damage (nephropathy). The kidneys contain millions of tiny blood vessel clusters (glomeruli) that filter waste from your blood. Diabetes can damage this delicate filtering system. Severe damage can lead to kidney failure or irreversible end-stage kidney disease, which may require dialysis or a kidney transplant.
Eye damage (retinopathy). Diabetes can damage the blood vessels of the retina (diabetic retinopathy), potentially leading to blindness. Diabetes also increases the risk of other serious vision conditions, such as cataracts and glaucoma.
Foot damage. Nerve damage in the feet or poor blood flow to the feet increases the risk of various foot complications. Left untreated, cuts and blisters can develop serious infections, which often heal poorly. These infections may ultimately require toe, foot or leg amputation.
Skin conditions. Diabetes may leave more susceptible to skin problems, including bacterial and fungal infections.
Hearing impairment. Hearing problems are more common in people with diabetes.
Alzheimer's disease. Type 2 diabetes may increase the risk of Alzheimer's disease. The poorer your blood sugar control, the greater the risk appears to be. Although there are theories as to how these disorders might be connected, none has yet been proved.
Abnormal immune responses The immune response is impaired in individuals with diabetes mellitus. Cellular studies have shown that hyperglycemia both reduces the function of immune cells and increases inflammation.
Respiratory infections such as pneumonia and influenza are more common among individuals with diabetes. Lung function is altered by vascular disease and inflammation, which leads to an increase in susceptibility to respiratory agents. Restrictive lung disease is known to be associated with diabetes. Lung restriction in diabetes could result from chronic low-grade tissue inflammation, microangiopathy, and/or accumulation of advanced glycation end products. In fact the presence restrictive lung defect in association with diabetes has been shown even in presence of obstructive lung diseases like asthma and COPD in diabetic patients.
Lipohypertrophy may be caused by insulin therapy. Repeated insulin injections at the same site, or near to, causes an accumulation of extra subcutaneous fat and may present as a large lump under the skin. It may be unsightly, mildly painful, and may change the timing or completeness of insulin action.
Complications of gestational diabetes
Most women who have gestational diabetes deliver healthy babies. However, untreated or uncontrolled blood sugar levels can cause problems for mother and baby.
Complications in baby can occur as a result of gestational diabetes, including:
Excess growth. Extra glucose can cross the placenta, which triggers your baby's pancreas to make extra insulin. This can cause baby to grow too large (macrosomia). Very large babies are more likely to require a C-section birth.
Low blood sugar. Sometimes babies of mothers with gestational diabetes develop low blood sugar (hypoglycemia) shortly after birth because their own insulin production is high. Prompt feedings and sometimes an intravenous glucose solution can return the baby's blood sugar level to normal.
Type 2 diabetes later in life. Babies of mothers who have gestational diabetes have a higher risk of developing obesity and type 2 diabetes later in life.
Death. Untreated gestational diabetes can result in a baby's death either before or shortly after birth.
Complications in the mother can also occur as a result of gestational diabetes, including:
Preeclampsia.This condition is characterized by high blood pressure, excess protein in the urine, and swelling in the legs and feet. Preeclampsia can lead to serious or even life-threatening complications for both mother and baby.
Subsequent gestational diabetes. Once you've had gestational diabetes in one pregnancy, more likely to have it again with the next pregnancy. Also more likely to develop diabetes  typically type 2 diabetes  as get older.

Diagnosis & Prognosis
Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C) test. This blood test indicates your average blood sugar level for the past two to three months. It measures the percentage of blood sugar attached to hemoglobin, the oxygen-carrying protein in red blood cells. The higher blood sugar levels, the more hemoglobin  have with sugar attached. An A1C level of 6.5 percent or higher on two separate tests indicates that you have diabetes. An A1C between 5.7 and 6.4 percent indicates prediabetes. Below 5.7 is considered normal. This test is useful for diagnosis and also prognosis of treatment undergone

MANAGEMENT
Prevention is the optimal approach to managing the microvascular complications of diabetes. The two main approaches to preventing retinopathy and nephropathy are intensive glycemic control and aggressive control of hypertension. Intensive glycemic control has been the most effective approach to preventing neuropathic complications of diabetes.
Diet and exercise play a key role in controlling blood sugar levels and reducing your weight, blood pressure and cholesterol levels, in turn preventing any further kidney damage. Steps may include:
Exercising regularly, if possible for 30 minutes a day.
Eating at least five portions of fruit and vegetables a day.
Increasing the amount of starchy carbohydrates in diet.
Choosing to eat carbohydrates that release energy slowly such as porridge oats, brown rice and pasta, lentils and beans and avoiding those that release energy quickly such as white bread and white rice.
Reducing the amount of sugar, fat and salt in your diet.
Stop smoking.
Cutting down on alcohol.
Monitoring and controlling your blood sugar levels if you have diabetes.
Limit the amount of foods containing high levels of protein, sodium, potassium or phosphate.
The following measures are advisable in diabetes patients:
Tighten up your blood sugar control.
Blood pressure lowering if high.
Stop smoking.
Exercise.
Lipid lowering treatment.
HOMOEOPATHIC MANAGEMENT
Diabetic mellitus is supposed to be a constitutional disease, so treatment also should be constitutional to prevent there complications. Normal levels can be absolutely attained and maintained if Homoeopathic treatment is started earlier. In Homoeopathy, medicines are highly individualized to the patient and this will help, Homoeopathic constitutional treatment for diabetes controls side effects of the disease. Homoeopathy considers life style, diet habits, other physical symptoms along with clinical history of diabetes in order to control the sugar levels as well prevent diabetic complications like heart diseases, diabetic kidney disease, diabetic neuropathy and retinopathy etc. Following remedies are quite helpful to treat the symptoms and condition related to complications.
Medicine
Indication

Arsenicum Album
Agitation tendency to move from one place to another, great anxiety, prostration, useful in diabetic neuropathy there ardour and/or numbness in limbs.

Lycopodium Clavatum
Diabetes. Anger during disease. Lost of self confidence. The right side conditions works well and thus improve the liver and kidney functioning as conditions Neuropathy above all of the autonomic nervous system where there is constipation due to inactivity of the rectum. Impotence. Intense desire for sweets.

Phosphorus
Tuberculinic patient, tall, slender, with strait chest or nervous and weak people. Works efficiently in the liver and kidney improving the hypercholesterinemia. It is also a large drug bleeding anywhere body by avoiding significantly the cerebral vascular event. Albumin in urine. Depression and high stress. Retinopathy.

Phosphoricum acidum
Diabetic neurosis. Weak and thin with presence of urine sugar. Polyuria. Diarrhea or constipation. Impotence. Depression. Weakness of memory. Inability to concentrate.

Lacticum Acidum
Diabetes. Presence of blood sugar. Thirst. Voracious hunger. Abundant urine. Rheumatic pain.

China officinalis
Weakness for loss of fluids. Bleeding. Tympanites. The expulsions of gases do not produce improvement. Loss of vision. Ringing in the ears. Canine hunger. Extreme sensitivity to touch in diabetic neuropathy.

Nitricum acidum
Diabetic nervous, irritable. Strong smell like horse urine. Skin cracks and fissures. Ulcers by arterial insufficiency. Weakness. Condylomas and warts.

Aceticum acidum
Very weakened patient which thins quickly. With edema or anasarca.

Ignatia
Diabetic with marked signs of sadness and the silent penalty provision. Want to be alone. Profound sighs. Weakness in the mouth of the stomach. Empty feeling in the stomach. Bipolarity. Shock disorders. In neuropathy acts on the spinal marrow and affects both motor nerve as sensitive. Tremor by penalties or scares or by parasites. Hysteria.

Natrum sulphuricum:
Useful in diabetic neuropathy that affects the autonomic nervous system. Diarrhea aggravated by the morning of begin to move. Borborigmos on the right side of the abdomen in the ileocecal region. Productive cough aggravated by wet time.

Thuja
Diabetes in patients with sycosis. Polyneuritis with great pain. Polyps. Warts. In the mental area with special illusions: believes that his body and limbs are glass. Thinks he has a live animal inside abdomen. It is obsessive.

Lachesis Trig
 Loquacious, diabetic patients with circulatory problems. Diabetes in menopause. Diabetic Gangrene. Useful in the brain vessel event. Upper digestive tube (bowel) hemorrhages. Retinal hemorrhages. Varicose ulcers, diabetic gangrene and treatment of cerebral vascular event.

ANAEMIA A SILENT KILLER AMONG MIDDLE AGED WOMEN WITH HOMOEOPATHIC APPROACH

ANAEMIA  A SILENT KILLER AMONG MIDDLE AGED WOMEN WITH HOMOEOPATHIC APPROACH

Anaemia is a condition where the number of healthy red blood cells (RBCs) in the blood is lower than normal. RBCs transport oxygen throughout the body, so a shortage of these cells can be serious. WHO defines anaemia as a condition in which the Haemoglobin (Hb) content of blood is lower than normal as a result of deficiency of one or more essential nutrients, regardless of the cause of such deficiencies. Anaemia is the most common nutritional deficiency disorder in the world.  In Anaemia a silent killer among women in India: Present scenario, by Kawaljit Kaur in the European Journal of Zoological Research, 2014, the author states that India has among the highest number of cases of anaemia in the world with an estimated 50 percent of the population affected. Iron-deficiency anaemia is the most common type of anaemia. Women in the childbearing years are particularly susceptible to iron deficiency anaemia because of the blood loss from menstruation and the increased blood supply demands during pregnancy. It's estimated that at least 2 out of every 10 women in India have iron-poor blood. There are many types of anaemia, but in this article we discussing about iron deficiency anaemia which is common among all type of anaemias.

Causes of Anaemia
According to the American Society of Haematology, iron deficiency is the most common cause of anaemia. There are many reasons for person might become deficient in iron. These include: Inadequate iron intake, Pregnancy or blood loss due to menstruation, certain medical conditions can cause internal bleeding & inability to absorb iron.

Iron deficiency may also be aggravated by poor nutritional status, especially when it is associated with deficiencies in folic acid, vitamin A or B12, as is often the case in populations living in developing countries. A diet that is monotonous, but rich in substances (phytates) inhibiting iron absorption so that dietary iron cannot be utilised by the body. In India, the prevalence of anaemia is high because of low dietary intake, poor iron (less than 20 mg /day) and folic acid intake (less than 70 micrograms/day); poor bio-availability of iron (3-4 percent only) in phytate fibre- rich Indian diet; and chronic blood loss due to infection such as malaria and hookworm infestations. The low dietary intake of iron and folic acid coupled with poor bioavailability of iron is the major factor responsible for very high prevalence of anaemia in the country. s. In the adolescent phase of women  due to menstruation, the requirement of iron increases. Every month about 40 ml. blood is lost with approximately 0.6 mg of iron. This increased requirement for iron is not met due to discriminatory social beliefs and food restrictions. According to WHO, women of childbearing age need to absorb 2-3 times the amount of iron required by men or older women.

Clinical Presentation

The symptoms of iron deficiency anaemia can be very mild at first.The symptoms of moderate to severe iron deficiency anaemia include: general fatigue, weakness, pale skin, shortness of breath, dizziness, strange cravings to eat items that arent food, such as dirt, ice, or clay, a tingling or crawling feeling in the legs, tongue swelling or soreness, cold hands and feet, fast or irregular heartbeat, brittle nails and headaches

Diagnosis
Although the history and physical examination can lead to the recognition of the condition and help establish the etiology, iron deficiency anaemia is primarily a laboratory diagnosis.
Useful tests include a complete blood count (CBC); a peripheral smear; serum iron, total iron-binding capacity (TIBC), and serum ferritin.
Other laboratory tests (eg, stool testing, incubated osmotic fragility testing, measurement of lead in tissue, and bone marrow aspiration) are useful for establishing the etiology of iron deficiency anemia and for excluding other diseases
If bloodwork indicates iron deficiency anemia, then following additional tests can perform to identify an underlying cause, such as:
Endoscopy -  check for bleeding from a hiatal hernia, an ulcer or the stomach with the aid of endoscopy
Colonoscopy. To rule out lower intestinal sources of bleeding.
Ultrasound. Women may also have a pelvic ultrasound to look for the cause of excess menstrual bleeding, such as uterine fibroids.

MANAGEMENT

Home natural remedies
In the treatment of nutrition related anaemia, combinations of nutrient rich foods play a very important role in absorption of iron. For e.g. Iron from corn is better absorbed when eaten with fish or meat, whereas milk inhibits iron absorption. Vitamin C increases iron absorption by a factor of 4. Being a powerful reducing antioxidant agent; it changes ferric iron to better absorbed ferrous form of iron.

Beetroot and Amla: Beets are extremely important in curing anaemia. Beets contain potassium, phosphorous, calcium, sulphur, iodine, iron, copper, carbohydrate proteins, fat, Vitamin B1, B2 niacin,B6 Vitamin P and Vitamin C (that helps absorption). In fact Vitamin C is regarded as the most potent enhancer of iron absorption and vitamin C alone will often increase body iron stores. Thus, the juice of Red beets and amla(that is packed with Vitamin C) strengthen the body's power to regenerate and re-activate the red blood cells and supplies the body with fresh oxygen.

Banana and Honey: Bananas are particularly beneficial as they also contain besides easily assimilable iron, folic acid and B12, all of which are extremely useful in the treatment of anaemia. Drizzle honey over the bananas as it is rich in copper which helps in iron absorption.

Jaggery and Ginger: Regular intake of jaggery in any form with any food will help combat anaemia. A person can obtain 3% of iron of daily value from 10grams of jaggery. Regular intake of jaggery with ginger juice helps in better absorption of iron.

Fenugreek: The leaves of fenugreek help in blood formation, cooked leaves can be taken to prevent anemia. The seeds of fenugreek are also a valuable cure for anaemia being rich in iron. Also the fat soluble chlorophyll molecule is similar to the haemoglobin molecule and is efficiently absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract providing all the structural elements for hemoglobin.

Spinach A diet rich in green leafy vegetables like spinach is one of the best home cures for anaemia. Spinach is rich in iron  as well as vitamin B12 and folic acid, energy boosting nutrients that the body needs to recover from anaemia

Pomegranate is rich in iron and other minerals, such as calcium and magnesium. It also contains vitamin C, which helps improve the bodys absorption of iron. This results in more red blood cells and an increase in the hemoglobin level.

Dates are a rich source of iron as well as vitamin C that plays an important role in the bodys absorption of iron. Soak two dates in a cup of milk overnight. The next morning, eat the dates and drink the milk on an empty stomach.

Blackstrap Molasses: Blackstrap Molasses is a great source of iron, about 5 tablespoons of black strap molasses contain 95 percent of your daily allowance of iron. Try to eat foods high in Vitamin C alongside blackstrap molasses- cabbage, broccoli, citrus fruits are all good choices. In addition to these, include raisins, dried apricots, mangoes, brewer's yeast, dried beans, lean meats and shell fish to enhance your iron levels. Sesame seeds are also great for treating anaemia due to their high iron content. One fourth cup of sesame seeds provides almost 30 percent of the daily iron requirement.

However, there are also several foods and beverages that inhibit iron absorption including coffee, tea, egg yolks and foods high in phytates such as wheat bran. Antacids and over use of calcium supplements also decrease iron absorption. These items should be restricted for individuals with iron deficiency. Foods rich in calcium should be avoided when taking iron rich foods, as they inhibit iron absorption.

HOMOEOPATHIC MANAGEMENT

Homoeopathy is one of the most popular holistic systems of medicine. The selection of remedy is based upon the theory of individualization and symptoms similarity by using holistic approach. This is the only way through which a state of complete health can be regained by removing all the sign and symptoms from which the patient is suffering. The aim of homoeopathy is not only to treat anaemia but to address its underlying cause and individual susceptibility. Caring for blood count is essential for life since whole life / health relies on it. With clear-cut causes like accidental bleeding, heavy menstruation, pregnancy, poor nutrition, the person can be treated accordingly with the prescribed essential supplements in the form of foods / tablets / tonics / injections and in case of critical condition blood transfusion may be a must. No one can deny this principle. But using supplements (in the form of tablets / tonics / Injections) continuously without regular nutritious food to maintain blood counts / haemoglobin is not acceptable. In general, 50 per cent of anaemic patients can be cured with diet alone, 30 per cent may need supplements and medicines and 20 per cent may need blood transfusion and medicines.
Even though well substituted, if the cell activity is not capable of absorbing the same, the substitute will go waste and the cell will continue to be less active or diseased. Actually, everyone needs stimulation for good activity. Homoeopathic medicines can tackle the complaint or disease without persistent usage by treating the root cause.Anaemia is an ongoing process of chronic fatigue. Complaints will creep up with time when not attended properly. So it is better to analyse the cause and treat the condition right to the requirement. To distinguish from other ways,

Medicine
Indication

Aletris Farinosa
Great tonic for woman not only increase blood but also weakness , Tired dull, heavy,confused feeling. Debility of females from protracted illness; no organic disease. Power and energy of mind and body are weakened.

Calcarea carbonica
Almost any of the deeper acting constitutional remedies may be of use in anaemic anddebilitated conditions, and especially are the Calcareas useful.

Ferrum phosphoricum
People who generally feel weak and tired because of the loss of iron from the body or poor absorption proved to be an effective remedy for those who are suffering from these situations.

Calcarea Phosphoricum
It is a good remedy for treating the anemia. It is helpful in giving the strength to the bones and helpful in curing the debility and weakness which is generally developed by the loss of iron from the
body. Also this medication helpful in improving the texture of the skin and it very effective remedy for those children who have deficiency of minerals and suffering from weak bone.

Helonias
It is very beneficial homeopathic remedy for anaemia and cholorsis. It is generally effective for women having anemia which occurred from the long period of hemorrhage by indolence or luxury, or like worn out with hard work.

Phosphorus
When the predominant symptom is that of weakness, exhaustion or prostration, Phosphorus is one of the best homeopathic medicines for anaemia. There is increased thirst and that too for cold water. The patient is usually thin, wiry and tall in stature. There is great weakness of the nervous system. There is increased restlesness and one cannot tolerate any noise, strong odor or light.

Calcarea flour
It is very beneficial homeopathic remedy for those having iron deficiency anaemia. It is helpful in boosting up the energy and also helps in higher absorption of iron in the blood. It also helps in lowering the symptoms of anemia which is better in forming the haemoglobin.

Kali phosphoricum
It is also good homeopathic remedy in curing the iron deficiency anaemia. It helps by providing the strength to the nerves and also helps in providing the relief from the vertigo and headache.

Natrum muriaticum
It is an effective homeopathic remedy in curing the anemia. It is good for those who has exhaustion following loss of blood, which is generally occurred by the aggravated by heat, in case of chronic
because of physical and emotional disorder.

Cinchona
It is good homeopathic remedy in treating the anemia. It is effective for those who are having anemia because of blood loss, blue colour around eyes, night blindness and debility from the exhausting discharges.

 Arsenicum
It is an effective homeopathic remedies for treating anemia. This remedy is for those pernicious anemia, debility from overtaxing, muscular tissues by prolong exertion and extreme restlessness.

Pulsatilla
It is beneficial homeopathic remedy for treating the anemia. It is Effective for those women having chloro-anaemic women which always complain of feeling chilly.

Natrum muriaticum
This is one of our best remedies in anemic conditions. There is paleness, and, in spite of the fact that the patient eats well, there is emaciation. There are attacks of throbbing headache and dyspnoea, especially on going up stairs, constipation and depression of spirits, and consolation aggravates. With these symptoms there is much palpitation, fluttering and intermittent action of the heart.

Nitric acid
When there is an irresistible desire to eat chalk, paper, earth or any such indigestible things, Nit-acid is one of the best homeopathic medicines for anaemia. There are often cuts at the corners of the mouth. Aphthae or ulcers in the mouth are also seen quite frequently.

Cinchona
In cases where the cause is blood loss, Cinchona is one of the best homeopathic medicine for anaemia. The blood loss may be due to increased menstrual flow as happens in some females or due to worms as occurs in some children. Even when the blood loss has happened in some acute cases like injury, Cinchona is very useful. One feels weak and tired. There are frequent 0.headaches. Periodicity of the pains is a characteristic of this medicine.

TAUTOPATHY

TAUTOPATHY (POTENTISED ALLOPATHIC DRUGS) - IS INDIRECT HOMOEOPATHY?

Tautopathy (Tauto-same) is a method of curing or removing bad or side effects of drugs by iso-intoxication, i.e., curing by means of the identical harmful agent in potentised form. The term "tautopathy" was coined by Dudley Wooton Everitt, the former director of Nelsons Homeopathic Pharmacy.
Tautopathy and Homoeopathy:
Tautopathy is the Science of Identical while Homoeopathy is Science of Similars. In Homoeopathy we always select the medicine producing similar effects as that of the disease but with a different source (whilst differing in kind), while in Tautopathy we administer the same drug (whose injurious effect is present) after potentisation. In this it is more similar to Isopathy where we take the identical substance in potentised dose.
We can rather say that Tautopathy is Indirect Homoeopathy. It is Homoeopathy minus actual proving of the drugs on healthy provers. It is based on the basis of
Causative Factor (abuse of the corresponding drug) and Symptoms produced as side effects of the abused drug.

Administering Tautopathic Drugs:
  It is in such cases that Tautopathic drugs have a major role. Either they relieve the patient of the effects of the drug thereby curing the disease or remove the blockage helping the similimum to establish cure.
The first step in dealing with such cases is to seek out and stop the use of drugs and antidote them rather than to proceed blindly to give more drugs.
Though we have Nux-vom, Puls, Sulphuretc to antidote the effects of Allopathic prescriptions but we cannot administer them in all the patients having history of Antibiotics, Iron-tonics and Creams.
The only guide to the use of these medicines is the Causative history i.e patient has a history of previous use of the medicines and after taking them how the patient reacted.
How are Tautopathic Drugs different from Allopathic Drugs?
"Tautopathic drugs have nothing to do with allopathic on the following grounds
They are used on the basis of symptoms produced by the crude drug on diseased persons (unhealthy provers), They are prepared strictly in the process of Homoeopathic pharmaceutical discipline , They are used in potencies." (Dr. J. N. Kanjilal)

No doubt Homoeopathy alone of all therapeutic methods can legitimately claim to effect true cures by medication as distinguished from recoveries. But in the present era Homoeopathy suffers a set-back due to the use of present day most powerful wonder drugs, with their bad effects, creating drug diseases. These bad effects, and drug diseases are to be removed to effect a true cure before we prescribe Homoeopathic drug. Here is a new feather (Tautopathy) in the cap of Homoeopathy.
The prescribing of potentized remedies based on their chemical similarity to the disorder being treated. Tautopathy is the science of antidotes and toxicology. This method excels in removing the effect of drugs and toxins. Drug layers, drug abuse, addictions, craving and drug overdoses can all be treated with tautopathic methods. The first remedy ever prescribed in homeopathy was a tautopathic one not a homeopathic one. Hahnemann used the remedy China to treat China poisoning: that was tautopathy. He antidote peruvian bark poisoning with potentized Peruvian bark. Where was the need to take a long case history as the classicals do? This is an example of a poison curing a poison.

The Methods of Tautopathic Prescribing:
A practitioner needs to be familiar with the Mims or BNF (British National Formulary) of allopathic drugs. It is important not to be predjudice about Allopathy, but to understand their drugs, as any morbific agent, such as a grief or trauma. In the treatment of patients who are on drugs, if you can use tautopathy first, you can demonstrate what homeopathy can do.
 Tautopathic Prescribing for Drug Side Effects: Drug side effects are a major obstacle to the cure. The biggest hazard lies in mixing up the case. We can get acute side effects of drugs and chronic symptoms of the patient confused. It's important to separate these two. We need to learn to distinguish between the side effects of the drugs and the symptoms of the patient when we analyze the case history. We need to learn the symptoms of allopathic drugs like we do with the homeopathic remedies.
 Tautopathic Prescribing for DRUG LAYERS: "Never been well since taking a drug or chemical poisonings" is a common phenomenon in modern practice. Drug poisonings can leave a drug layers. If a drug layer exists in the case then it must be removed first. Otherwise the patient's health will not improve. Mixing these drug layers with the general case is a big mistake. Also ignoring the top layer of the case can lead to a failure to cure or even palliate.
 Tautopathic Prescribing for DRUG WITHDRAWALS: The drug withdrawal symptoms are a whole new case. Treat all drug withdrawals as acutes, and use the tautopathic remedies in higher potencies. Flush the drugs out with water, by putting the tautopathic remedies in water. Also use herbal tinctures to help with the detoxification process. Avena Sativa for morphine or heroin withdrawal. Chemotherapy and radiotherapy should be treated as acute poisonings. Go for the herbs that fit the organ and give the tautopathic remedies.
Tautopathic Prescribing for DRUG Addictions: Clinical homeopathy can assist greatly in the removal of cravings and addictions. Both psychological and physiological addictions can be treated effectively. Cravings for cigarettes, alcohol, coffee, marijuana, or allopathic drugs are all treatable with tautopathics. Example:  for alcohol craving: Lachesis, Quercusrubens, Sulphuric acid or Amethyst, (known as the sobriety stone). However, Alcohol in potency is a great remedy. Alcohol dehydrates the brain and can lead to many chronic disorders, including epilepsy.
Tautopathic Prescribing for DRUG and Chemical OVERDOSES: Acute drug overdoses are a common cause of death in our society. Knowing the correct tautopathic or homeopathic remedies can save someone's life. Example: Barbiturate overdose symptoms are slurred speech, drowsiness, murmuring, and heavy eyes, followed by coma and death. Phenobarb. in potency is the antidote for phenobarb. The clinical picture of Gelsemium also fits
 Tautopathic Prescribing of ALLOPATHIC Drugs based on their ALLOPATHIC indications:  In spite of all the new provings going on these days, I believe learning allopathic drugs is more important. We instantly have 1,000 new chemical remedies. This involves prescribing a remedy based on its allopathic indications, because it is already a well-proven remedy. Example: Ritalin is used in hyperactivity therefore it has that similar affinity, for that disease. It is a stimulant that treats over stimulated children. Therefore Ritalin in potency is a great remedy for treating hyperactivity.
Tautopathic Prescribing of ALLOPATHIC Drugs and Chemicals based on their HOMEOPATHIC indications: Remedies like Lithium, Alcohol, Mercury, Lead and Adrenalin have been in the repertory for over a hundred years; via provings and case histories we have the indications for prescribing them as homeopathic remedies. That means any drug or chemical can be used as a remedy to treat things beyond it's normal allopathic indications
 Tautopathic Prescribing of PREVENTATIVE REMEDIES Also known as prophylactic tautopathy: If one knows a person is about to be exposed to a toxic substance then one can give a tautopathic remedy to help them through the toxic exposure. Example : Before a visit to the dentist give the anaesthetic in potency, especially if the patient has a history of poor recovery from that drug. Likewise for chemotherapy you can give Cadmium sulph., on the day of the chemo treatment to lessen the side affects of the treatment.
Tautopathic Prescribing for Detoxification:  Naturopaths strongly believe in detoxification and homeopaths should too. Knowing methods of detoxification will save lives. Our bodies are made of 75%  water, therefore the Cell Salts are very important remedies. Cell Salts are about cleaning  the intra-cellular water that has become poisoned. Everything including aging comes down to cell water, cellular dehydration being the cause of many problems.
Advantages of Tautopathic Drugs:
The benefits of Tautopathic drugs are: They can be proved according to Homeopathic "Proving" and can be inculcated in Homeopathic MateriaMedica. They anti-dote the bad effects of crude or offending and harmful identical agents.
Limitations of Tautopathy:
Inspite of so many benefits Tautopathy cannot cure all types of drug diseases; its use is limited to those cases where disease symptoms are clearly attributable to the side effects of overdosing with a particular allopathic drug. The Bad effects of the above medicines are generally different in different individuals according to their physical constitution, so it is difficult to collect all symptoms-bad or side effects of each drug. The only guide at present is the previous use of the medicines by patients and after taking medicines how patient reacted. Most of the bad or side effects of each drug are given in practical part.
These drugs are only prepared by me according to trituration and succussion methods and are handmade because with trituration and succussion (Hand made and not Machine made) more energy is released, (this fact will be cleared up in future with the aid of clinical and machine findings.) Lastly, who are concerned with the health and betterment of Humanity to try Tautopathy. It's future depends on trial by Homoeopaths and brother Allopaths for its true progress. I pray to God, as usual, to lead me where I can find more truth. The whole truth regarding life, diseases and cure of sickness is not the monopoly of any single system of medicine however widespread it is.

References
Ramlal P. Patil What is Tautopathy, Tautopathy, preparartion of medicine, side effective drugs, proving of drugs,
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/
http://www.alchemilla.com/
http://www.homeorizon.com
Oscar.E.Boericke,Pocket manual of homoepathicmateriamedica

INSOMNIA A HOLISTIC APPROACH TO COMMON SLEEP DISORDER

Insomnia is a highly prevalent sleep disorder that regularly affects millions of people worldwide. Inshort, individuals with insomnia find it difficult to fall asleep and/or stay asleep.Insomnia, also known as sleeplessness, is a sleep disorderwhere people have trouble sleeping.They may havedifficulty falling asleep, or staying asleep as long asdesired.Insomnia is typically followed by daytimesleepiness, low energy, irritability, and a depressed mood. Itmay result in an increased risk of motor vehicle collisions,as well as problems focusing and learning.
Insomnia can be acute (short-term) or chronic (ongoing). Acute insomnia is common and often is brought on by situations such as stress at work, family pressures, or a traumatic event. Acute insomnia lasts for days or weeks.Chronic insomnia lasts for a month or longer. Most cases of chronic insomnia are secondary, which means they are the symptom or side effect of some other problem. Certain medical conditions, medicines, sleep disorders, and substances can cause secondary insomnia.
Anyone can get insomnia, but it is generally more common in women than in men. The elderly are particularly at risk for insomnia.

Aetiology
Insomnia can be caused by physical factors as well as psychological factors. There is often an underlyingmedical condition that causes chronic insomnia, while transient insomnia may be due to a recent eventor occurrence. Common causes are
Disruptions in circadian rhythm - jet lag, job shift changes, high altitudes, environmental noise, heat, orcold.
Psychological issues - people with mood disorders such as bipolar disorder, depression anxiety disorders, or psychotic disorders are more likelyto have insomnia.
Medical conditions - brain lesions and tumors, stroke, chronic pain, chronic fatigue syndrome, congestive heart failure, angina, acid-reflux disease, chronicobstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, sleep apnea, Parkinson's and Alzheimer'sdiseases, hyperthyroidism, arthritis.
Hormones - estrogen, hormone shifts during menstruation.
Other factors - sleeping next to a snoring partner, parasites, genetic conditions, overactive mind,pregnancy.
Media technology in the bedroom - researchers from the University of Helsinki, Finland, reported in thejournal BMC Public Health that media technology in the bedroom disrupts sleep patterns in children. They found that children withTVs, computers, video games, DVD players, and mobile phones in their bedrooms slept considerably lessthan kids without these devices in their bedrooms.
Medications - medications can cause insomnia  in some patients like Corticosteroids include prednisone, triamcinolone, methylprednisolone, and cortisone., Statins include simvastatin, rosuvastatin,lovastatin, and atorvastatin.Alpha blockers - used for treating hypertension includeterazosin, silodosin, alfuzosin, prazosin, doxazosin, and tamsulosin.Beta blockers include carvedilol, propranolol, atenolol, metoprolol, and sotalol. SSRI antidepressants include fluoxetine, citalopram, paroxetine,escitalopram, and sertraline. ACE inhibitors include ramipril, fosinopril, benazepril, enalapril, lisinopril, and captopril.ARBs (Angiotensin II-receptor blockers) include candesartan, valsartan, and losartan.Cholinesterase inhibitors includerivastigmine, donepezil, and galantamine.Second generation (non-sedating) H1 agonists includeloratadine, levocetirizine, desloratadine, and cetirizine.Glucosamine/chondroitin - dietary supplements used for relieving the symptoms of joint pain and to reduceinflammation.
Some people are more likely to suffer frominsomnia than others; these include:Travelers, Shift workers with frequent changes in shifts(day vs. night), The elderly, Drug users, Adolescent or young adult students, Pregnant women, Menopausal women and Those with mental health disorders

Clinical manifestations
Insomnia symptoms may includes
Insomnia itself may be a symptom of an underlying medical condition. However, there are several signs and symptoms that are associated with insomnia like  Difficulty falling asleep at night, Waking during the night, Waking earlier than desired, Still feeling tired after a night's sleep, Daytime fatigue or sleepiness, Irritability, depression, or anxiety, Poor concentration and focus, Being uncoordinated, an increase in errors or accidents
Tension headaches (feels like a tight band around head), Difficulty socializing, Gastrointestinal symptoms, Worrying about sleeping
Sleep deprivation can cause other symptoms. The afflicted person may wake up not feeling fully awake and refreshed, and may have a sensation of tiredness and sleepiness throughout the day. Having problems concentrating and focusing on tasks is common for people with insomnia.
According to the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, 20 percent of non-alcohol related car crash injuries are caused by driver sleepiness.

MANAGEMENT
One of the most common causes of sleep onset insomnia is anxiety or chronic worry. Affected person get into bed at night but cant fall asleep because there mind is racing with anxious thoughts about.what they didnt get done today, about what tomorrow might hold, or simply feeling overwhelmed by daily responsibilities.
As well as addressing daytime habits that contribute to sleep onset insomnia such as avoiding caffeine late in the day and exercising in the morning or afternoon.
There are some steps can take to learn how to stop worrying at bedtime and look at life from
a more positive perspective.
Avoid watching TV, eating, and discussing emotional issues in bed.
Dont use bright light in your bedroom.
Avoid, caffine and smoking.
Get a massage on your scalp.
 A light snack may be sleep-inducing, but a heavy meal too close to bedtime interferes with sleep. Stay away from protein and stick to carbohydrates or dairy products. Milk contains the amino acid L-tryptophan, which has been shown in research to help people go to sleep. So milk and cookies or crackers (without chocolate) may be useful and taste good as well.
Do not exercise vigorously just before bed.
Take a warm bath. This often helps.
Listen light music. Actually, any soothing noise (played softly) in the background may help.
Sleep with your head facing north (magnetic) and feet facing south.
Relaxation techniques like yoga and meditation.

HOMOEOPATHIC MANAGEMENT

In Homoeopathy, medicines are highly individualized to the patient and this will help a state of complete health can be regained by removing all the sign and symptoms from which a patient is suffering. The aim of homoeopathy is not only to treat insomnia, but to address its underlying cause and individual susceptibility of the patient. For individualized remedy selection and treatment of chest pain, the patient should consult a qualified homeopathic doctor in person. Some important remedies are given below for the treatment of insomnia:




Indicated Remedies
Indications

Nuxvomica
Sleepless from rush of ideas. Cannot sleep after 3a.m. until towards morning, falls asleep when it is time to rise and feels heavy and unrefreshed. It is especially the remedy for those who drink too much, those who abuse coffee and tea, those who are subject to abdominal disorders and a sluggish portal circulation. Sleeplessness from mental overwork, from too close study, especially at night. Dreams full of bustle and worry.

Opium

Stupefying and unrefreshing sleep. Sleepy, but cannot sleep. Sleeplessness with acuteness of hearing, clock striking and cocks crowing at great distance keep her awake. Loss of breath on falling asleep. Bed feels so hot she cannot lie on it; moves often in search of a cool place; must be uncovered. Sleepy but cannot sleep with great drowsiness

Coffea cruda

Nervous sleeplessness from rush of ideas, mental activity, awakes at or hears every sound after pleasurable excitement. In cases where there is excessive agitation of body and mind, and where extremely acute. It is the remedy when excitement or good news, joys or night watching causes the insomnia. It is well suited to sleeplessness in teething children, Sleeplessness from the bad effects of too good news.

Ambra Grisea

Sleeplessness arising from worriment of mind as from business trouble. The patient retires to bed feeling tolerably tired, yet as soon as the head touches the pillow he becomes wakeful. Before midnight sleeplessness.  Frequent waking, and at 2 a.m. long uneasiness in the whole body, especially in the occiput. Uneasiness in the occiput after midnight.

Hyoscyamus niger

Sleeplessness from nervous excitement; the brain is full of bewildering ideas and images. After long illnesses and the brain cells are poorly nourished. Sleeplessness in children, who twitch, cry out frightened and tremble. Sleeplessness from overworked minds and without apparent cause may be beneóted by Hyoscyamus.

Sulphur

Sleeplessness from nervous excitement, cutaneous irritations and external heat. The patient is drowsy all day and sleepless at night. Sleeps in cat naps, wakes frequently. Restlessness of anaemic irritability. Long but unrefreshing sleep, in morning.

Belladonna

The sleepless conditions calling for Belladonna are due to congestion; sleep is extremely restless, as a rule it is interrupted by talking, starting, muscular jerkings and spasmodic motions; frightful images appear on closing the eyes and the patient therefore dreads sleep.  Frightful dreams, they constantly awaken the patient. Insomnia due to cerebral hyperaemia. Cannot close the eyes, as he sees dreadful images on doing so. Children wake from sleep frightened.

Chamomilla

For sleeplessness in children due to severe pain. It quiets the irritability and the emotional excitement and the patient sleeps. It is also adapted to weak, nervous women. The sleep is tormented by dreams which are fanciful, vivid and anxious; the patient is hot and thirsty. Moaning in sleep. Great drowsiness is characteristic of the remedy, but cannot sleep.

Arsenic album.

Patient is disturbed, anxious and restless. Awakened by pains. Sleeplessness due to fear of air raids etc. Frequent starting up and twitching in. Somnolency in evening. Sleeplessness with constant restlessness and tossing about. Inability to fall asleep after once awaking at night. Anxious dreams.

Gelsemium

It is suited for the insomnia of brain workers. It is indicated in business men who pass restless nights, awaken early in the morning and worry over their business aúairs. It also is most useful in a state of alternate excitement and depression.

Ignatia amara

Sleeps so light that he hears everything in it. Dreams all night of the same subject.Insomnia due to grief, anxious thoughts, sadness or any depressing emotions. Deep, stupefying. Sleep after the cough paroxysms. Restless sleep and great restlessness at night with a tremor passing through the body

Cocculus indicus

It is especially suited to light haired, timid, nervous and bookworms persons.  Sleeplessness due to night watching, nursing with worry and anxiety. Thinking of the business of the day prevents sleep. Spasmodic yawning. Sleepless from mental or physical exhaustion.

Aconitum  napellus

Sleeplessness from anxiety, restlessness, anguish and fear; child tosses about feverishly. Starting up in after midnight during sleeplessness, with constant tossing about from anxiety, and ôightiness with closed eyes. Drowsiness, with inability to sleep. Disturbed sleep. Anxious dreams. Insomnia of the elderly.

Arnica montana

Arnica is particularly adapted to sanguine, plethoric persons, disposed to cerebral congestion, persons easily made train-sick or sea-sick. Sleeplessness caused by over-exertion and weariness of mind and body. Day sleepiness, with inability to sleep. Dreams of death, anxious and terrible, awakes in terror, then sleepless.

Causticum

Sleeplessness at night on account of dry heat cannot rest in any posture. He cannot get quiet position. Nightly sleeplessness with anxiety, dry heat and frequent starting up. Anxious dreams. Wakes with slightest noise.

Muriaticum acidum

Sleepy, but unable to sleep; tosses about; dreamy and restless all through the night. Irritable. Continual snoring, groaning, tossing about and talking, with sliding down in bed, especially before . Frequently wakened by a chill early in morning in bed.

Tabacum

Sleeplessness or insomnia due to nervous break down. Stupefying, with profuse sweat. Insomnia with dilated heart, with cold, clammy skin and anxiety.

Senecio jacobaea
For sleeplessness from prolapsus of uterus. Uterine irritation during climacteric.

Cannabis indica

In obstinate and intractable forms of insomnia. An irregular sleep is more of an indication than absolute insomnia. Unconquerable day sleepiness; Unrefreshing night sleep. Sleepless at night because of anxiety and heat as though dashed with hot water.

Kalium phosphoricum

Sleeplessness, especially during the latter part of the night. The patient is a nervous due to business worries and excessive mental exertion.