Monday, 24 July 2017

TAUTOPATHY

TAUTOPATHY (POTENTISED ALLOPATHIC DRUGS) - IS INDIRECT HOMOEOPATHY?

Tautopathy (Tauto-same) is a method of curing or removing bad or side effects of drugs by iso-intoxication, i.e., curing by means of the identical harmful agent in potentised form. The term "tautopathy" was coined by Dudley Wooton Everitt, the former director of Nelsons Homeopathic Pharmacy.
Tautopathy and Homoeopathy:
Tautopathy is the Science of Identical while Homoeopathy is Science of Similars. In Homoeopathy we always select the medicine producing similar effects as that of the disease but with a different source (whilst differing in kind), while in Tautopathy we administer the same drug (whose injurious effect is present) after potentisation. In this it is more similar to Isopathy where we take the identical substance in potentised dose.
We can rather say that Tautopathy is Indirect Homoeopathy. It is Homoeopathy minus actual proving of the drugs on healthy provers. It is based on the basis of
Causative Factor (abuse of the corresponding drug) and Symptoms produced as side effects of the abused drug.

Administering Tautopathic Drugs:
  It is in such cases that Tautopathic drugs have a major role. Either they relieve the patient of the effects of the drug thereby curing the disease or remove the blockage helping the similimum to establish cure.
The first step in dealing with such cases is to seek out and stop the use of drugs and antidote them rather than to proceed blindly to give more drugs.
Though we have Nux-vom, Puls, Sulphuretc to antidote the effects of Allopathic prescriptions but we cannot administer them in all the patients having history of Antibiotics, Iron-tonics and Creams.
The only guide to the use of these medicines is the Causative history i.e patient has a history of previous use of the medicines and after taking them how the patient reacted.
How are Tautopathic Drugs different from Allopathic Drugs?
"Tautopathic drugs have nothing to do with allopathic on the following grounds
They are used on the basis of symptoms produced by the crude drug on diseased persons (unhealthy provers), They are prepared strictly in the process of Homoeopathic pharmaceutical discipline , They are used in potencies." (Dr. J. N. Kanjilal)

No doubt Homoeopathy alone of all therapeutic methods can legitimately claim to effect true cures by medication as distinguished from recoveries. But in the present era Homoeopathy suffers a set-back due to the use of present day most powerful wonder drugs, with their bad effects, creating drug diseases. These bad effects, and drug diseases are to be removed to effect a true cure before we prescribe Homoeopathic drug. Here is a new feather (Tautopathy) in the cap of Homoeopathy.
The prescribing of potentized remedies based on their chemical similarity to the disorder being treated. Tautopathy is the science of antidotes and toxicology. This method excels in removing the effect of drugs and toxins. Drug layers, drug abuse, addictions, craving and drug overdoses can all be treated with tautopathic methods. The first remedy ever prescribed in homeopathy was a tautopathic one not a homeopathic one. Hahnemann used the remedy China to treat China poisoning: that was tautopathy. He antidote peruvian bark poisoning with potentized Peruvian bark. Where was the need to take a long case history as the classicals do? This is an example of a poison curing a poison.

The Methods of Tautopathic Prescribing:
A practitioner needs to be familiar with the Mims or BNF (British National Formulary) of allopathic drugs. It is important not to be predjudice about Allopathy, but to understand their drugs, as any morbific agent, such as a grief or trauma. In the treatment of patients who are on drugs, if you can use tautopathy first, you can demonstrate what homeopathy can do.
 Tautopathic Prescribing for Drug Side Effects: Drug side effects are a major obstacle to the cure. The biggest hazard lies in mixing up the case. We can get acute side effects of drugs and chronic symptoms of the patient confused. It's important to separate these two. We need to learn to distinguish between the side effects of the drugs and the symptoms of the patient when we analyze the case history. We need to learn the symptoms of allopathic drugs like we do with the homeopathic remedies.
 Tautopathic Prescribing for DRUG LAYERS: "Never been well since taking a drug or chemical poisonings" is a common phenomenon in modern practice. Drug poisonings can leave a drug layers. If a drug layer exists in the case then it must be removed first. Otherwise the patient's health will not improve. Mixing these drug layers with the general case is a big mistake. Also ignoring the top layer of the case can lead to a failure to cure or even palliate.
 Tautopathic Prescribing for DRUG WITHDRAWALS: The drug withdrawal symptoms are a whole new case. Treat all drug withdrawals as acutes, and use the tautopathic remedies in higher potencies. Flush the drugs out with water, by putting the tautopathic remedies in water. Also use herbal tinctures to help with the detoxification process. Avena Sativa for morphine or heroin withdrawal. Chemotherapy and radiotherapy should be treated as acute poisonings. Go for the herbs that fit the organ and give the tautopathic remedies.
Tautopathic Prescribing for DRUG Addictions: Clinical homeopathy can assist greatly in the removal of cravings and addictions. Both psychological and physiological addictions can be treated effectively. Cravings for cigarettes, alcohol, coffee, marijuana, or allopathic drugs are all treatable with tautopathics. Example:  for alcohol craving: Lachesis, Quercusrubens, Sulphuric acid or Amethyst, (known as the sobriety stone). However, Alcohol in potency is a great remedy. Alcohol dehydrates the brain and can lead to many chronic disorders, including epilepsy.
Tautopathic Prescribing for DRUG and Chemical OVERDOSES: Acute drug overdoses are a common cause of death in our society. Knowing the correct tautopathic or homeopathic remedies can save someone's life. Example: Barbiturate overdose symptoms are slurred speech, drowsiness, murmuring, and heavy eyes, followed by coma and death. Phenobarb. in potency is the antidote for phenobarb. The clinical picture of Gelsemium also fits
 Tautopathic Prescribing of ALLOPATHIC Drugs based on their ALLOPATHIC indications:  In spite of all the new provings going on these days, I believe learning allopathic drugs is more important. We instantly have 1,000 new chemical remedies. This involves prescribing a remedy based on its allopathic indications, because it is already a well-proven remedy. Example: Ritalin is used in hyperactivity therefore it has that similar affinity, for that disease. It is a stimulant that treats over stimulated children. Therefore Ritalin in potency is a great remedy for treating hyperactivity.
Tautopathic Prescribing of ALLOPATHIC Drugs and Chemicals based on their HOMEOPATHIC indications: Remedies like Lithium, Alcohol, Mercury, Lead and Adrenalin have been in the repertory for over a hundred years; via provings and case histories we have the indications for prescribing them as homeopathic remedies. That means any drug or chemical can be used as a remedy to treat things beyond it's normal allopathic indications
 Tautopathic Prescribing of PREVENTATIVE REMEDIES Also known as prophylactic tautopathy: If one knows a person is about to be exposed to a toxic substance then one can give a tautopathic remedy to help them through the toxic exposure. Example : Before a visit to the dentist give the anaesthetic in potency, especially if the patient has a history of poor recovery from that drug. Likewise for chemotherapy you can give Cadmium sulph., on the day of the chemo treatment to lessen the side affects of the treatment.
Tautopathic Prescribing for Detoxification:  Naturopaths strongly believe in detoxification and homeopaths should too. Knowing methods of detoxification will save lives. Our bodies are made of 75%  water, therefore the Cell Salts are very important remedies. Cell Salts are about cleaning  the intra-cellular water that has become poisoned. Everything including aging comes down to cell water, cellular dehydration being the cause of many problems.
Advantages of Tautopathic Drugs:
The benefits of Tautopathic drugs are: They can be proved according to Homeopathic "Proving" and can be inculcated in Homeopathic MateriaMedica. They anti-dote the bad effects of crude or offending and harmful identical agents.
Limitations of Tautopathy:
Inspite of so many benefits Tautopathy cannot cure all types of drug diseases; its use is limited to those cases where disease symptoms are clearly attributable to the side effects of overdosing with a particular allopathic drug. The Bad effects of the above medicines are generally different in different individuals according to their physical constitution, so it is difficult to collect all symptoms-bad or side effects of each drug. The only guide at present is the previous use of the medicines by patients and after taking medicines how patient reacted. Most of the bad or side effects of each drug are given in practical part.
These drugs are only prepared by me according to trituration and succussion methods and are handmade because with trituration and succussion (Hand made and not Machine made) more energy is released, (this fact will be cleared up in future with the aid of clinical and machine findings.) Lastly, who are concerned with the health and betterment of Humanity to try Tautopathy. It's future depends on trial by Homoeopaths and brother Allopaths for its true progress. I pray to God, as usual, to lead me where I can find more truth. The whole truth regarding life, diseases and cure of sickness is not the monopoly of any single system of medicine however widespread it is.

References
Ramlal P. Patil What is Tautopathy, Tautopathy, preparartion of medicine, side effective drugs, proving of drugs,
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/
http://www.alchemilla.com/
http://www.homeorizon.com
Oscar.E.Boericke,Pocket manual of homoepathicmateriamedica



Tuesday, 11 July 2017

INSOMNIA A HOLISTIC APPROACH TO COMMON SLEEP DISORDER

Insomnia is a highly prevalent sleep disorder that regularly affects millions of people worldwide. Inshort, individuals with insomnia find it difficult to fall asleep and/or stay asleep.Insomnia, also known as sleeplessness, is a sleep disorderwhere people have trouble sleeping.They may havedifficulty falling asleep, or staying asleep as long asdesired.Insomnia is typically followed by daytimesleepiness, low energy, irritability, and a depressed mood. Itmay result in an increased risk of motor vehicle collisions,as well as problems focusing and learning.
Insomnia can be acute (short-term) or chronic (ongoing). Acute insomnia is common and often is brought on by situations such as stress at work, family pressures, or a traumatic event. Acute insomnia lasts for days or weeks.Chronic insomnia lasts for a month or longer. Most cases of chronic insomnia are secondary, which means they are the symptom or side effect of some other problem. Certain medical conditions, medicines, sleep disorders, and substances can cause secondary insomnia.
Anyone can get insomnia, but it is generally more common in women than in men. The elderly are particularly at risk for insomnia.

Aetiology
Insomnia can be caused by physical factors as well as psychological factors. There is often an underlyingmedical condition that causes chronic insomnia, while transient insomnia may be due to a recent eventor occurrence. Common causes are
Disruptions in circadian rhythm - jet lag, job shift changes, high altitudes, environmental noise, heat, orcold.
Psychological issues - people with mood disorders such as bipolar disorder, depression anxiety disorders, or psychotic disorders are more likelyto have insomnia.
Medical conditions - brain lesions and tumors, stroke, chronic pain, chronic fatigue syndrome, congestive heart failure, angina, acid-reflux disease, chronicobstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, sleep apnea, Parkinson's and Alzheimer'sdiseases, hyperthyroidism, arthritis.
Hormones - estrogen, hormone shifts during menstruation.
Other factors - sleeping next to a snoring partner, parasites, genetic conditions, overactive mind,pregnancy.
Media technology in the bedroom - researchers from the University of Helsinki, Finland, reported in thejournal BMC Public Health that media technology in the bedroom disrupts sleep patterns in children. They found that children withTVs, computers, video games, DVD players, and mobile phones in their bedrooms slept considerably lessthan kids without these devices in their bedrooms.
Medications - medications can cause insomnia  in some patients like Corticosteroids include prednisone, triamcinolone, methylprednisolone, and cortisone., Statins include simvastatin, rosuvastatin,lovastatin, and atorvastatin.Alpha blockers - used for treating hypertension includeterazosin, silodosin, alfuzosin, prazosin, doxazosin, and tamsulosin.Beta blockers include carvedilol, propranolol, atenolol, metoprolol, and sotalol. SSRI antidepressants include fluoxetine, citalopram, paroxetine,escitalopram, and sertraline. ACE inhibitors include ramipril, fosinopril, benazepril, enalapril, lisinopril, and captopril.ARBs (Angiotensin II-receptor blockers) include candesartan, valsartan, and losartan.Cholinesterase inhibitors includerivastigmine, donepezil, and galantamine.Second generation (non-sedating) H1 agonists includeloratadine, levocetirizine, desloratadine, and cetirizine.Glucosamine/chondroitin - dietary supplements used for relieving the symptoms of joint pain and to reduceinflammation.
Some people are more likely to suffer frominsomnia than others; these include:Travelers, Shift workers with frequent changes in shifts(day vs. night), The elderly, Drug users, Adolescent or young adult students, Pregnant women, Menopausal women and Those with mental health disorders

Clinical manifestations
Insomnia symptoms may includes
Insomnia itself may be a symptom of an underlying medical condition. However, there are several signs and symptoms that are associated with insomnia like  Difficulty falling asleep at night, Waking during the night, Waking earlier than desired, Still feeling tired after a night's sleep, Daytime fatigue or sleepiness, Irritability, depression, or anxiety, Poor concentration and focus, Being uncoordinated, an increase in errors or accidents
Tension headaches (feels like a tight band around head), Difficulty socializing, Gastrointestinal symptoms, Worrying about sleeping
Sleep deprivation can cause other symptoms. The afflicted person may wake up not feeling fully awake and refreshed, and may have a sensation of tiredness and sleepiness throughout the day. Having problems concentrating and focusing on tasks is common for people with insomnia.
According to the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, 20 percent of non-alcohol related car crash injuries are caused by driver sleepiness.

MANAGEMENT
One of the most common causes of sleep onset insomnia is anxiety or chronic worry. Affected person get into bed at night but cant fall asleep because there mind is racing with anxious thoughts about.what they didnt get done today, about what tomorrow might hold, or simply feeling overwhelmed by daily responsibilities.
As well as addressing daytime habits that contribute to sleep onset insomnia such as avoiding caffeine late in the day and exercising in the morning or afternoon.
There are some steps can take to learn how to stop worrying at bedtime and look at life from
a more positive perspective.
Avoid watching TV, eating, and discussing emotional issues in bed.
Dont use bright light in your bedroom.
Avoid, caffine and smoking.
Get a massage on your scalp.
 A light snack may be sleep-inducing, but a heavy meal too close to bedtime interferes with sleep. Stay away from protein and stick to carbohydrates or dairy products. Milk contains the amino acid L-tryptophan, which has been shown in research to help people go to sleep. So milk and cookies or crackers (without chocolate) may be useful and taste good as well.
Do not exercise vigorously just before bed.
Take a warm bath. This often helps.
Listen light music. Actually, any soothing noise (played softly) in the background may help.
Sleep with your head facing north (magnetic) and feet facing south.
Relaxation techniques like yoga and meditation.

HOMOEOPATHIC MANAGEMENT

In Homoeopathy, medicines are highly individualized to the patient and this will help a state of complete health can be regained by removing all the sign and symptoms from which a patient is suffering. The aim of homoeopathy is not only to treat insomnia, but to address its underlying cause and individual susceptibility of the patient. For individualized remedy selection and treatment of chest pain, the patient should consult a qualified homeopathic doctor in person. Some important remedies are given below for the treatment of insomnia:




Indicated Remedies
Indications

Nuxvomica
Sleepless from rush of ideas. Cannot sleep after 3a.m. until towards morning, falls asleep when it is time to rise and feels heavy and unrefreshed. It is especially the remedy for those who drink too much, those who abuse coffee and tea, those who are subject to abdominal disorders and a sluggish portal circulation. Sleeplessness from mental overwork, from too close study, especially at night. Dreams full of bustle and worry.

Opium

Stupefying and unrefreshing sleep. Sleepy, but cannot sleep. Sleeplessness with acuteness of hearing, clock striking and cocks crowing at great distance keep her awake. Loss of breath on falling asleep. Bed feels so hot she cannot lie on it; moves often in search of a cool place; must be uncovered. Sleepy but cannot sleep with great drowsiness

Coffea cruda

Nervous sleeplessness from rush of ideas, mental activity, awakes at or hears every sound after pleasurable excitement. In cases where there is excessive agitation of body and mind, and where extremely acute. It is the remedy when excitement or good news, joys or night watching causes the insomnia. It is well suited to sleeplessness in teething children, Sleeplessness from the bad effects of too good news.

Ambra Grisea

Sleeplessness arising from worriment of mind as from business trouble. The patient retires to bed feeling tolerably tired, yet as soon as the head touches the pillow he becomes wakeful. Before midnight sleeplessness.  Frequent waking, and at 2 a.m. long uneasiness in the whole body, especially in the occiput. Uneasiness in the occiput after midnight.

Hyoscyamus niger

Sleeplessness from nervous excitement; the brain is full of bewildering ideas and images. After long illnesses and the brain cells are poorly nourished. Sleeplessness in children, who twitch, cry out frightened and tremble. Sleeplessness from overworked minds and without apparent cause may be beneóted by Hyoscyamus.

Sulphur

Sleeplessness from nervous excitement, cutaneous irritations and external heat. The patient is drowsy all day and sleepless at night. Sleeps in cat naps, wakes frequently. Restlessness of anaemic irritability. Long but unrefreshing sleep, in morning.

Belladonna

The sleepless conditions calling for Belladonna are due to congestion; sleep is extremely restless, as a rule it is interrupted by talking, starting, muscular jerkings and spasmodic motions; frightful images appear on closing the eyes and the patient therefore dreads sleep.  Frightful dreams, they constantly awaken the patient. Insomnia due to cerebral hyperaemia. Cannot close the eyes, as he sees dreadful images on doing so. Children wake from sleep frightened.

Chamomilla

For sleeplessness in children due to severe pain. It quiets the irritability and the emotional excitement and the patient sleeps. It is also adapted to weak, nervous women. The sleep is tormented by dreams which are fanciful, vivid and anxious; the patient is hot and thirsty. Moaning in sleep. Great drowsiness is characteristic of the remedy, but cannot sleep.

Arsenic album.

Patient is disturbed, anxious and restless. Awakened by pains. Sleeplessness due to fear of air raids etc. Frequent starting up and twitching in. Somnolency in evening. Sleeplessness with constant restlessness and tossing about. Inability to fall asleep after once awaking at night. Anxious dreams.

Gelsemium

It is suited for the insomnia of brain workers. It is indicated in business men who pass restless nights, awaken early in the morning and worry over their business aúairs. It also is most useful in a state of alternate excitement and depression.

Ignatia amara

Sleeps so light that he hears everything in it. Dreams all night of the same subject.Insomnia due to grief, anxious thoughts, sadness or any depressing emotions. Deep, stupefying. Sleep after the cough paroxysms. Restless sleep and great restlessness at night with a tremor passing through the body

Cocculus indicus

It is especially suited to light haired, timid, nervous and bookworms persons.  Sleeplessness due to night watching, nursing with worry and anxiety. Thinking of the business of the day prevents sleep. Spasmodic yawning. Sleepless from mental or physical exhaustion.

Aconitum  napellus

Sleeplessness from anxiety, restlessness, anguish and fear; child tosses about feverishly. Starting up in after midnight during sleeplessness, with constant tossing about from anxiety, and ôightiness with closed eyes. Drowsiness, with inability to sleep. Disturbed sleep. Anxious dreams. Insomnia of the elderly.

Arnica montana

Arnica is particularly adapted to sanguine, plethoric persons, disposed to cerebral congestion, persons easily made train-sick or sea-sick. Sleeplessness caused by over-exertion and weariness of mind and body. Day sleepiness, with inability to sleep. Dreams of death, anxious and terrible, awakes in terror, then sleepless.

Causticum

Sleeplessness at night on account of dry heat cannot rest in any posture. He cannot get quiet position. Nightly sleeplessness with anxiety, dry heat and frequent starting up. Anxious dreams. Wakes with slightest noise.

Muriaticum acidum

Sleepy, but unable to sleep; tosses about; dreamy and restless all through the night. Irritable. Continual snoring, groaning, tossing about and talking, with sliding down in bed, especially before . Frequently wakened by a chill early in morning in bed.

Tabacum

Sleeplessness or insomnia due to nervous break down. Stupefying, with profuse sweat. Insomnia with dilated heart, with cold, clammy skin and anxiety.

Senecio jacobaea
For sleeplessness from prolapsus of uterus. Uterine irritation during climacteric.

Cannabis indica

In obstinate and intractable forms of insomnia. An irregular sleep is more of an indication than absolute insomnia. Unconquerable day sleepiness; Unrefreshing night sleep. Sleepless at night because of anxiety and heat as though dashed with hot water.

Kalium phosphoricum

Sleeplessness, especially during the latter part of the night. The patient is a nervous due to business worries and excessive mental exertion.





Saturday, 15 April 2017

UTI – COMMON RECURRENT PROBLEM IN ADULT WOMENS WITH HOMOEOPATHIC APPROACH



Urinary tract infections are very common in adult women and may become recurrent. The urine is normally sterile. An infection occurs when bacteria get into the urine and begin to grow. The infection usually starts at the opening of the urethra where the urine leaves the body and moves upward into the urinary tract. The most common is cystitis, an infection of the bladder, but infection may occur in any part of the urinary system, including the kidneys. Infection is caused by the growth of the gut bacteria within the urinary system, but in many cases bacteria are not found on urine culture, despite obvious symptoms of bladder discomfort.
Causes of UTI in Women’s
·        Over 50 percent of all women will experience at least one UTI during their lifetime, with 20-30 percent experiencing recurrent UTIs. According to the National Kidney Foundation, 1 in 5 women experience a UTI at some point in her life.
·        Women are more likely to develop UTIs than men, due to anatomical differences; the urethra is shorter in women than in men, and it is closer to the anus, making it more likely that bacteria are transferred to the bladder.
·        90% of urinary tract infection is caused by bacteria Escherichia coli, commonly known as E. coli. These bacteria normally live in the bowel (colon) and around the anus. These bacteria can move from the area around the anus to the opening of the urethra. The two most common causes of this are improper wiping after using toilet and sexual intercourse. Usually, the act of emptying the bladder (urinating) flushes the bacteria out of the urethra. If there are too many bacteria, urinating may not stop their spread. The bacteria can travel up the urethra to the bladder, where they can grow and cause an infection.
·        Sexual intercourse can introduce larger numbers of bacteria into the bladder because the motion of sex can transfer bacteria from the bowel or vaginal cavity into the urethra.. Urinating after intercourse within 30 mins seems to decrease the likelihood of developing a urinary tract infection.
·        Constipation - Being constipated makes it difficult to empty bladder, which means trapped bacteria have lots of time to grow and cause infection. Also diarrhea or fecal incontinence can increase risk of getting a UTI, because bacteria from loose stool can easily make its way into vagina and urethra. Wipe from front to back whenever you use the bathroom, but be especially careful to do so after a bowel movement.
·        Uncontrolled diabetes -  When blood sugar is high, the excess sugar is removed through the urine, This makes a favorable environment for bacterial overgrowth
·        Holding our urine for 6 hours or more may make UTIs more common, as bacteria that does get into the bladder has lots of time to overgrow between voids.
·        Dehydration - Drinking plenty of water not only quenches thirst, but it also wards off UTIs during hot summer months, We should always try to drink at least half our body weight in ounces, When we drink plenty of water, we help flush out bacteria that can cause UTIs.
·        Birth control - Using contraceptive devices, resulting hormone shift could lead to a change in normal bacteria in vagina, which could up the odds of a UTI. Use of diaphragms and spermicides can also increase chances of developing UTI.
·        Feminine products - Dirty pads and tampons are a place where bacteria can grow very easily, so change them frequently to prevent urinary tract infections while on mensural period. Wearing cotton helps prevent excessive moisture that causes bacteria to grow down there.
  • Kidney stones - These mineral deposits increases risk of getting a UTI, because they can block the urinary tract and back up urine, giving bacteria plenty of time to grow.
Clinical manifestations
Urinary tract infections don't always cause signs and symptoms, but when they do they may include: A strong, persistent urge to urinate, A burning sensation when urinating, Passing frequent, small amounts of urine, Urine that appears cloudy, Urine that appears red, bright pink or cola-colored — a sign of blood in the urine, Strong-smelling urine, Pelvic pain, in women — especially in the center of the pelvis and around the area of the pubic bone
Each type of UTI may result in more-specific signs and symptoms, depending on which part of urinary tract is infected.
Kidneys (acute pyelonephritis) - Upper back and side (flank) pain, High fever, Shaking and chills, Nausea and Vomiting
Bladder (cystitis) - Pelvic pressure, Lower abdomen discomfort, Frequent, painful urination, Blood in urine
Urethra (urethritis) - Burning with urination Discharge
Complications of a UTI may include: Recurrent infections, especially in women who experience three or more UTIs. Permanent kidney damage from an acute or chronic kidney infection (pyelonephritis) due to an untreated UTI. Increased risk in pregnant women of delivering low birth weight or premature infants. Urethral narrowing (stricture) in men from recurrent urethritis, previously seen with gonococcal urethritis. Sepsis, a potentially life-threatening complication of an infection, especially if the infection works its way up your urinary tract to your kidneys.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis will usually be made after asking about the symptoms and testing a urine sample to assess the presence of white blood cells, red blood cells, and bacteria. A method of collecting urine called "clean catch" is used, which is where a person washes their genital area before collecting a urine sample mid-flow. This helps to prevent bacteria from around the genital area getting caught in the sample.
Prevention
There are several measures that can be taken to reduce the risk of developing a UTI:
·        Drink lots of water, urinate frequently and Keep the genital area clean
·        Avoid fluids such as alcohol and caffeine that can irritate the bladder
·        Urinate shortly after sex
·        Wipe from front to back after urinating and bowel movement
·        Showers are preferred to baths and avoid using oils. Sanitary pads or menstrual cups are preferred to tampons
·        Avoid using a diaphragm or spermicide for birth control
·        Avoid using any perfumed products in the genital area
·        Wear cotton underwear and loose-fitting clothing to keep the area around the urethra dry
Management
Natural Treatment
·        Cranberry Juice produces hippuric acid in the urine. This acidifies urine and inhibits bacterial growth. Try to drink 1 litre of UNSWEETENED cranberry juice daily.
·        Take one teaspoon of colloidal silver morning and night. This is a natural antibiotic that destroys bacteria, viruses, and fungal growth.
·        Vitamin C acidifies urine and thereby inhibits bacterial growth.
·        Celery, parsley, watermelon are natural diuretics – drink juice made with these fruits and vegetables.
·        The most important thing is to drink – lots! Pure water is good – try to drink a glass every hour.
·        Stay away from coffee, alcohol, all sweetened drinks, sugar, and processed foods.
HOMOEOPATHIC MANAGEMENT
The homoeopathic treatment for recurrent UTIs should be designed for each patient individually because each case is very different from that of another person with UTI. In conventional medicine antibiotics are commonly used to treat recurrent urinary tract infections but they are not always the answer. Antibiotics are often effective in acute UTIs but their long-term use in chronic UTIs rarely prevents recurrences and is usually followed by development of fungal infections and antibiotic resistance. Homoeopathic medicines boost the immune system and enhance resistance to infection. They are effective with no side effects and are safe for children and pregnant women. Homoeopathic remedies for UTI have a great role to play in curing the infection and also in stopping their recurrence. Moreover homoeopathic medicines are very safe. They use body’s own defences to fight the infection. Once treated with homeopathic medicines recurrence of Urinary Tract Infection greatly reduces and eventually stops. It is advised that a qualified homoeopathic doctor should be consulted. The top homoeopathic remedies for treating UTI are

Indicated Remedies
Indications
Cantharis
Strong urging to urinate—with cutting pains that are felt before the urine passes, as well as during and after—may indicate a need for this remedy. Only several drops pass at a time, with a scalding sensation. The person may feel as if the bladder has not been emptied, still feeling a constant urge to urinate.
Clematis
This remedy may be indicated if a person has to urinate frequently with only a small amount being passed. A feeling of constriction is felt in the urinary passage, and the flow may be interrupted, or there may be dribbling afterward. A tingling sensation may occur, lasting long after urination is finished.
Equisetum:
 If cystitis is accompanied by dull but distressing pain and a feeling of fullness in the bladder, even after urinating, this remedy may be helpful. Urging and discomfort are more intense when the bladder has recently been emptied, improving over time as the bladder become more full.
Apis mellifica: 
This remedy is indicated when the person frequently needs to urinate, but only small quantities are passed. Stinging and burning sensations are felt (especially with the last few drops) and the person may also experience soreness in the abdomen. Heat and touch make the symptoms worse, and cold applications, cool bathing, and open air bring relief. A lack of thirst is another indication that Apis may be needed.
Berberis vulgaris: 
Cystitis with twinges of cutting pain, or a burning feeling that extends to the urethra and its opening, may indicate a need for this remedy. The passage may also burn at times when no attempt at urination is being made. After emptying the bladder, the person feels as if some urine still remains inside. Urging and discomfort are often worse from walking.
Chimaphila umbellata: 
If a person has a troublesome urge to urinate but has to strain (or even stand up and lean forward) to make it pass, this remedy may be useful. A scalding sensation may be felt while the urine flows, with a feeling of straining afterward.
Causticum
In paralytic conditions about the bladder Causticum deserves first place. It is one of our great remedies in enuresis, and its characteristics are involuntary micturition at night in sleep, when coughing, sneezing or blowing the nose, showing a weakness of the sphincter.
Mercurius corrosives:
Has tenesmus of the bladder with intense burning. The burning is less, but the tenesmus is greater, than in Cantharis. The passing of the urine drop by drop reminds of Aconite, which has the same symptoms. 
Lycopodium
This remedy may be helpful if a person has to urinate frequently during the night and passes large amounts of urine. Or the person may feel a painful urge, but has to strain to make the urine flow. Pain may be felt in the back before the urine passes. (If fever is present, the urine has a reddish color, or discomfort is felt in the kidney region, the person should see a doctor.)
Nux vomica
Irritable bladder with a constant need to urinate, passing only small amounts, suggests a need for this remedy. Burning or cramping pain may be felt in the bladder area, with an itching sensation in the urethra while the urine passes. The person may feel very irritable, impatient, and chilly. Symptoms may be relieved by hot baths or other forms of warmth.
Terebinth
The urine of Terebinth is one of its most characteristic features. It is smoky, turbid, depositing a sediment like coffee grounds, which indicates the presence of disintegrated blood cells. Haematuria from venous congestion of the kidneys calls often for Terebinth. It has burning during micturition and most painful strangury; the urine, too, may contain albumen and has the odor of violets.
Sarsaparilla
This remedy is often useful in cystitis and often helps when symptoms are unclear, or if other remedies have not been effective. Frequent urging is felt, with burning pain at the end of urination. Urine passes when the person is standing up, but only dribbling occurs while sitting. Flakes or sediment are sometimes seen in the urine. (Sarsaparilla is sometimes helpful when stones are forming or the kidneys are involved; however, these conditions need a doctor’s care.)
Staphysagria
This remedy is often indicated for cystitis that develops in a woman after sexual intercourse, especially if sexual activity is new to her, or if cystitis occurs after every occasion of having sex. Pressure may be felt in the bladder after urinating, as if it is still not empty. A sensation that a drop of urine is rolling through the urethra, or a constant burning feeling, are other indications. Staphysagria is also useful for cystitis that develops after illnesses with extended bed rest, or after the use of catheters.
Coli Bacillinum 
It is a near specific medicine for treating e-coli infection. It helps in treating the recurrence of E coli Infection.

INDIVIDUALIZATION IN HOMOEOPATHIC TREATMENT OF PEDIATRIC DIARRHEA

  Abstract Childhood diarrhoea remains a major public health concern and is one of the leading causes of illness and death among children un...