Thursday, 29 May 2014

CATARACT - HOMOEOPATHY



HOMOEOPATHY FOR AVOIDING BLINDNESS IN OLD AGE.
BE EARLY TO DIAGNOSE CATARACT
                                                                                                               
A cataract is a clouding of the lens inside the eye which leads to a decrease in vision. Cataracts occur when the eye's natural lens becomes cloudy, causing vision loss. It is the most common cause of blindness and is conventionally treated with surgery. Visual loss occurs because opacification of the lens obstructs light from passing and being focused on to the retina at the back of the eye.
The lens is a clear part of the eye that helps to focus light, or an image, on the retina. The retina is the light-sensitive tissue at the back of the eye. In a normal eye, light passes through the transparent lens to the retina. Once it reaches the retina, light is changed into nerve signals that are sent to the brain.
It is most commonly due to biological aging, but there are a wide variety of other causes. They are most common in people over 40 and are the main cause of blindness worldwide, according to All About Vision. Over time, yellow-brown pigment is deposited within the lens and this, together with disruption of the normal architecture of the lens fibers, leads to reduced transmission of light, which in turn leads to visual problems. Those with cataracts commonly experience difficulty in appreciating colors and changes in contrast, driving, reading, recognizing faces, and coping with glare from bright lights. Most cataracts develop slowly and don't disturb eyesight early on. But with time, cataracts will eventually interfere with vision.

Types of Cataract
Most cataracts are related to aging, there are other types of cataract:
1. Secondary cataract. Cataracts can form after surgery for other eye problems, such as glaucoma. Cataracts also can develop in people who have other health problems, such as diabetes. Cataracts are sometimes linked to steroid use.
2. Traumatic cataract. Cataracts can develop after an eye injury, sometimes years later.
3. Congenital cataract. Some babies are born with cataracts or develop them in childhood, often in both eyes. These cataracts may be so small that they do not affect vision. If they do, the lenses may need to be removed.
4. Radiation cataract. Cataracts can develop after exposure to some types of radiation.

Causes and Risk Factors
The lens lies behind the iris and the pupil. It works much like a camera lens. It focuses light onto the retina at the back of the eye, where an image is recorded. The lens also adjusts the eye's focus, letting us see things clearly both up close and far away. The lens is made of mostly water and protein. The protein is arranged in a precise way that keeps the lens clear and let’s light pass through it.
But as we age, some of the protein may clump together and start to cloud a small area of the lens. This is a cataract. Over time, the cataract may grow larger and cloud more of the lens, making it harder to see. Researchers suspect that there are several causes of cataract, such as smoking and diabetes. Or, it may be that the protein in the lens just changes from the wear and tear it takes over the years.
Age-related cataracts and its way of progress
The term "age-related" is a little misleading. You don't have to be a senior citizen to get this type of cataract. In fact, people can have an age-related cataract in their 40s and 50s. But during middle age, most cataracts are small and do not affect vision. It is after age 60 that most cataracts steal vision. Age-related cataracts can affect our vision in two ways:
1.      Clumps of protein reduce the sharpness of the image reaching the retina. The lens consists mostly of water and protein. When the protein clumps up, it clouds the lens and reduces the light that reaches the retina. The clouding may become severe enough to cause blurred vision. Most age-related cataracts develop from protein clumping. When a cataract is small, the cloudiness affects only a small part of the lens. we may not notice any changes in our vision. Cataracts tend to "grow" slowly, so vision gets worse gradually. Over time, the cloudy area in the lens may get larger, and the cataract may increase in size. Seeing may become more difficult, our vision may get duller or blurrier.
2.      The clear lens slowly changes to a yellowish/brownish color, adding a brownish tint to vision. As the clear lens slowly colors with age, your vision gradually may acquire a brownish shade. At first, the amount of tinting may be small and may not cause a vision problem. Over time, increased tinting may make it more difficult to read and perform other routine activities. This gradual change in the amount of tinting does not affect the sharpness of the image transmitted to the retina. If advanced lens discoloration process, we may not be able to identify blues and purples. You may be wearing what you believe to be a pair of black socks, only to find out from friends that you are wearing purple socks.
The risk of cataract increases as you get older. Other risk factors for cataract include:
·        Certain diseases such as diabetes.
·        Personal behavior such as smoking and alcohol use.
·        The environment such as prolonged exposure to sunlight. Ultraviolet light, specifically UV-B, has been shown to cause cataracts and there is some evidence that sunglasses worn at an early age can slow its development in later life.
·        The presence of cataracts in childhood or early life can occasionally be due to a particular syndrome.
·        The skin and the lens have the same embryological origin and can be affected by similar diseases. Those with Atopic dermatitis and Eczema will occasionally develop shield ulcers cataracts. Ichthyosis is an autosomal recessive disorder associated with cuneiform cataracts and nuclear sclerosis. Basal-cell nevus and Pemphigus have similar associations.
·        Some drugs, such as corticosteroids, can induce cataract development.

Clinical Features
The most common symptoms of a cataract are:
·        Cloudy or blurry vision.
·        Colors seem faded.
·        Glare. Headlights, lamps, or sunlight may appear too bright. A halo may appear
around lights.
·        Poor night vision.
·        Double vision or multiple images in one eye. (This symptom may clear as the
cataract gets larger.)
·        Frequent prescription changes in your eyeglasses or contact lenses.
·        These symptoms also can be a sign of other eye problems. If you have any of these symptoms, check with eye care professional early.

Management
Home Remedies
1.      Mix 1 cup of rose petals, 4 tbsp. of raspberry leaves in 4 cups of boiling water. Let the ingredients rest for 30 minutes, strain and use as eye wash.
2.      Mix one teaspoon of rosewater(gulabjal) with one teaspoon of fresh lemon juice. Add 10 drops of this to the eyes. This remedy provides benefit if cataract is in the starting stage.
3.      Use Eyebright herb in drops is excellent for cataracts, this plant can be use internally and is much more effective than commercial eye drops and safer.
4.      Eat spinach and take Lutein or spinach extract Contains carotenoid needed for retina and eye tissue sometimes reversing cataracts.
5.      Vitamin A is very necessary for a healthy vision.
6.      Dusty miller used to dissolve cataracts and corneal opacities, if used in the early stages of the disease.
7.      Take Ginkgo biloba increases the delivery of oxygen and nutrients to the eye and it clears toxins.
8.      Eat lots of green vegetables, specially spinach, kale and berries, blueberries, blackberries, cherries and fruits rich in Vitamin C and E.
9.      Avoid dairy products and saturated fats these produce free radicals which              cause cataracts and damage to the lens.
10. Do not use any antihistamines if you have cataracts.
11. Bilberry Strengthens and protects veins and blood vessels, protects the retina, reduces pressure in glaucoma and can stop the growth of cataracts.
12. Soak some almond overnight. In the morning, peel them and chew slowly with a glass of warm milk. It cures every type of eye problem and strengthen the vision.
13. Consumption of Vitamin A in large quantity is always recommended to get rid of eye problems.Taking one or two glasses of fresh carrot juice is very beneficial in treating cataract.
14. Take 10gm of ginger juice, 10gm of lemon juice, 10 gm of white onion juice and 50gm honey. Mix them properly and store in a clean bottle. Remember not to add water. Put two two drops of this liquid in each eye everyday. The liquid may be preserved for one month in freeze. Do not use it if you have had any eye operation.

HOMOEOPATHIC MANAGEMENT
Homoeopathy has holistic approach towards patient which means treating patient as a whole and not his specific disease or parts of body. While selecting constitutional medicine of patient his physical, emotional and general factors are considered. These make our life force called work in harmonious way, and help us to improve our immune power . A constitutional remedy chosen by an experienced prescriber is the most appropriate way to help a person with deep-seated or chronic conditions. Remedies below have been helpful in many cases of cataracts, and are mentioned here to introduce a few of the possibilities homeopathy can offer, not as suggestions for self-care.
Homeopathic opthamologist, doctor Ed Kondrot, M.D. discusses the first article written about using homeopathy for cataracts. It was published in 1891 by A. B. Norton. The study examined 295 cataract patients, of which 100 were treated with homeopathic medicine for more than a three-month period. Improvement was found in in 58 percent of the participants.

Cineraria maritima: Cineraria acts as a safe lymphagogue, increasing circulation in the intraocular tissues, also stimulating collateral circulation and normal metabolism.

Euphrasia (Eyebright): Is the most widely used natural ingredient for the eye and is often referred to as a “tonic for the eyes.” It is indicated for cataract with watery eyes, opacities of the cornea after injury, pain in the eye, dryness, redness and edema, itching and/or burning of the eyes and lids.

Calcarea carbonica: This remedy may be indicated when a person developing cataracts has the feeling of looking through a mist. A person needing this remedy tends to be a responsible type, but feels overwhelmed when under stress and fears breakdown or disease. Chilliness, swollen glands, weight problems, and easy tiring from exertion are other indications for Calcarea carbonica.

Calcarea fluorica: This remedy is often indicated when tissues harden or thicken abnormally. A person needing this remedy may also have a tendency toward hard swollen lymph nodes, joint pains, fibrous growths, or bone-spurs. The person generally feels worse during weather changes and improved by warmth.

Causticum: This remedy has been helpful in some cases when the person developing cataracts also had problems moving the eyes, as if the muscles around the eyeballs were stiff or weak especially after getting cold in the wind or open air. The person may have a feeling of sand in the eyes. A person who needs this remedy may tend to have muscular stiffness in many body areas. They are generally worse from cold and improved by warmth, and often feel best in damp or rainy weather.

Natrum muriaticum: This remedy may be indicated when cataracts begin to develop. The muscles around the eyes can feel bruised and weak, especially when the person looks down. The person may have a feeling of gauze across the eyes, and parts of the field of vision may be hard to focus on. A person who needs this remedy usually craves salt, feels worse from being in the sun, and has deep emotions yet appears to be
reserved.
Phosphorus: People who need this remedy may have a feeling that dust or mist in the eyes is obscuring vision, or may experience soreness that feels like eyestrain after very little use. They sometimes see little bright dots of colored light when the eyes are closed. People who need this remedy are usually sympathetic and fond of company, but can tire easily. An active imagination (including many fears) and a strong desire for cold drinks and refreshing things are other indications for Phosphorus.

Silicea (also called Silica): This remedy has been helpful to some individuals who developed cataracts after extended periods of eyestrain, or after perspiration of the feet had been suppressed. People needing this remedy tend to be chilly (although they often sweat at night) and often have low resistance to infection. Fine hair, weak nails, easy tiredness, and swollen lymph nodes are other signs suggesting Silicea.

Sepia may be indicated if the patient complains of the sensation of weakness in the eyes and the symptoms worsen as evening approaches. The eyelids may twitch and there may be sharp pains. People needing Sepia may feel better during daytime hours and when eating.

Cataract Eye Drops with Cineraria
Cineraria maratima, or dusty miller, is a common herb whose juice is known to dissolve cataracts. India's Central Council for Research in Homeopathy, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare has noted that Cineraria tincture can prevent cataracts from developing. Additionally, homeopathic doctor William Boericke, M.D. notes in his Materia Medica with Repertory that Cineraria tincture may reverse existing cataracts. To obtain the full effects of this herb, the mother tincture must be used diluted in saline water. Commercial products are not effective.
Homeopathic drops trigger the transfer of oxygen and nutrients from the blood to the aqueous to nourish and detoxify the living tissue of the crystalline lens. Cineraria maritima has been used homeopathically for over one hundred years to safely and effectively treat cataract. There are no blood vessels to the crystalline lens and the lens is comprised of living cells which need oxygen, nutrition, detoxification and anti-oxidation.




NAILS- MIRROR OF INTERNAL DISORDERS




Our nails are a sign of our health. The colour shape, contour of our nails can tell us if our body is in a healthy state.


Healthy nails are usually smooth, consistent in color and free of spots or discoloration. Nail problems that sometimes require treatment include bacterial and fungal infections, ingrown nails, tumors and warts.
In humans, nails grow at an average rate of 3 mm (0.12 in) a month (as they are a form of hair). Fingernails require 3 to 6 months to regrow completely, and toenails require 12 to 18 months. Actual growth rate is dependent upon age, gender, season, exercise level, diet, and hereditary factors. Nails grow faster in the summer than in any other season.

Nail disorders

Changes in nail are generally not diagnostic of a specific systemic or skin disease, all of nail changes of systemic disorders may be seen without systemic disease.
                     Examination of nails helps us sometimes to diagnose a case clinically. Simultaneously we should not forget the value of study of nail changes in Homoeopathic practice                                                                     



Different nail abnormalities
Associated conditions
Platynychia (flat nails) 
Iron deficiency anemia
Koilonychia (spoon shaped nails)  
Iron deficiency anemia
Leuconychia (white nails)
congenital or acquired Hypoalbuminemea
Nephrotic Syndrome
Chronic liver disease 
Protein loosing enteropathy.
Onycholysis (Separation of nail from bed)          
Lichen planus, thyrotoxicosis   Psoriasis.
Missing nail                            
Nail patella syndrome.
Half & Half nail  
Proximal half- white and distal half 
pink or red seen in chronic renal failure
Beau’s line
(Transverse ridges over the nails)
Indicates stoppage of nail Growth temporarily. Affects all nails and appear after few week of illness. As the nail growth ridges also move to the distal part.  
Mee’s line
single or multiple which transverse bands on the nail- inorganic arsenic poisoning
Muehrcke’s line        
Narrow, white transverse bands occurring in pairs - associated with hypoalbuminaemia, they may disappear when serum albumin level is normalized
Longitudinal ridges                           
Seen in lichen plannus and rheumatoid arthritis.
Nail bed infarct
Vasculitis syndromes
Pitted Nails                                  
Psoriasis, Alopecia, eczema, ring worm infestation.
Blue
Seen in cyanosis, antimalarial drugs,  haematoma
Blue green
In pseudomonas infection in chronic paronychia
Brown longitudinal streaks
In fungal infections, staining from cigarettes
Red streaks
(Splinter hemorrhages)
Infective endocarditis, trauma.
Yellow
In psoriasis, fungal infections, trauma, jaundice,
* Clubbing
Bulbous enlargements of distal segments of fingers and toes.
 Causes;
a) Cardiovascular:
    Acquired --- infective endocarditis.
   Congenital---cyanotic congenital heart          disease.
b) Respiratory;
        -Brochiectasis
        - Lung abscess.
        -Bronchogenic carcinoma.
 -Tuberculosis with secondary infection.
       -Empyema
       -Interstitial lung disease
        
 c) Gastrointestinal;
        -ulcerative colitis,
        -Crohns’disease.
        -Malabsorbtion syndrome.
d) Hepatic 
        -cirrhosis of liver.
e) Endocrine;
       -Myxedema.
       - Acromegaly.
       -Thyroid  acropachy,

f)  Congenital & idiopathic clubbing.
SOME USEFUL WORDS TO KEEP NAILS HEALTHIER
Most of the above troubles can easily be dealt with or prevented if we pay a little attention to our nails. This would keep them healthy, shiny and disease free; some of the common tips include :
  • Don't abuse our nails. To prevent nail damage, don't use our fingernails as tools to pick, poke or pry things.
  • Don't bite our nails or pick at our cuticles. These habits can damage the nail bed. Even a minor cut alongside our nail can allow bacteria or fungi to enter and cause an infection (paronychia).
  • Keep our nails dry and clean. This prevents bacteria, fungi or other organisms from growing under the nail. Clean under the nails regularly and thoroughly dry our hands and feet after bathing. Wear rubber gloves when using soap and water for prolonged periods.
  • Keep our nails short, square shaped and slightly rounded on top. Trim brittle nails after a bath or a 15-minute hand soak in bath oil. Then apply a moisturizer.
  • Trim nails and file nails regularly. Trim nails straight across and file down thickened areas. Trimming and filing are easier and safer if done just after bathing or soaking the nails.
  • Never pull off hangnails - doing so almost always results in ripping living tissue. Instead clip off hangnails, leaving a slight angle outward.
  • Wear shoes that fit properly. Shoes that place excessive pressure on our toes or pinch our toes may cause our nails to grow into surrounding tissue.
  • Moisturize our nails frequently. Nails need moisture just like our skin does. Rub lotion into our nails when moisturizing our hands. Be sure to apply a moisturizer after removing fingernail polish.
  • Take a biotin supplement. Taking 2.5 milligrams of biotin daily may increase the thickness of nails.
  • Watch for problems. If you have a nail problem that doesn't seem to go away on its own or is associated with other signs and symptoms, make an appointment with our doctor to get it checked out.
Homoeopathic drugs according to the Nail colour, changes.
·         Discoloration, Nails   - Ant. c, Ars, Graph, Nit.ac, Thuja.
      • Black - Ars, Graph, Lept, Nat-m.
      • Blood, settles under Nails - Apis.
      • Blueness -  Arg.n, Ars, Aur, camph, Carb.v, Chel,Chin, chin.s, Cupr, Dig, Dros, Ferr, Graph, Mez, Nat.m, Nit.a, Nux.v, Ox.ac, Pet, Sil, Sulph,Thuja, Verat.
      • Dark - Morp, Ox.ac,
      • Gray - Mer.c, Sil,
      • Purple - Apis, Ars, Op, samb, sec, stram,
      • Red - Ars, Crot.c, Lith,
      • Red Then black - Ars.
      • White - Cup, Nit.ac.
      • Spots - Alum, Ars, Nit.ac, Sep, Sil, sulph,
      • Yellow - Ambr, Bry, Carbo.v, Con, Lyco, mer, Nit.ac,   Nux.v. Op, Sep, Sil, Sipg, Sulp.

·         Cracked Nails -  Ant.c, Ars, Nat.m, Sil,
·         Curved finger Nails - Nit.ac.
·         Distorted, Nails - Alum, Fl.ac, Graph, Merc, Sep, Sil, Thuja.
·         In growing, Nails - Caust, Graph, Mag-aust, Nat.M, Nit.ac, Ph.ac, sil, Sulph, Teucr,    Thuja,
·         Splinters, Nails - Alum, Ars, Nit.ac, Ph.ac, Sep, Sil, Sulph, Tub.
·         Spotted, Nails - Alum, Ars, Nit.ac, Ph.ac, Sep, Sil, Sulph, Tub.
·         Ulcers, fingernails - Bov, Hep, Merc, Nat.M, Sil, sulph, thuja,
·         Panaritium nails - All.c, Am.c,Am.m, Anac, Anthr, Apis, Benz.ac, Bufo,    Calc, Caust, Cist, Dios, Fl.ac, Hep, Hyper, iod, iris, lach, lyc, Merc, nat.c, Nat.m, Nat.s, Nit.ac, Phyt,          Rhus.tox, Sang, Sep, sil, Sulph, Tarent.c,
·         Beau’s Lines - NAILS; corrugated; transversely: ars., med.
·         Vertical ridges -        
o   NAILS; roughness fingernails; ridges, longitudinal: fl-ac.
o   NAILS; roughness fingernails; ribbed: thuj.
o   NAILS; corrugated: ars., calc., calc-f., fl-ac., med., ph-ac., sabad., sel., Sil., thuj.
·         Clubbing - Curved fingernails; consumption, in: med., tub.
·         Pitting - Extremities; NAILS; holes in: ars.
·         Spoon nails - Extremities; NAILS; complaints of; depressed: med.
·         Onycholosis - Looseness fingernails: apis., med., pyrog., ust.
·         Nail hypertrophy - NAILS; hypertrophy: calc-f., fl-ac., graph., laur.
·         NAILS; thick: alum., anan., ant-c., ars., but-ac., calc., calc-f., calo., caust., falco-p.,    ferr., fl-ac., Graph., merc., pitu-a., pop-c., sabad., sec., sep., Sil., sulph., ust., x-ray
·         Nail atrophy - NAILS; atrophic: sil.
·         NAILS; grow, do not: ant-c., pitu-a., rad-br., sil.
·         Hands; NAILS, fingers, general; grow, nails, do not: ant-c., calc., sil.

NOTE: Close observation and minute study about the nails is important for clinical diagnosis and also to select a remedy while treating homeopathically
Some Homeopathic remedies which help in Nailing the Nail troubles include:
Antim crud: Brittle nails, tendency to grow out of shape. Skin dry with scaly eruptions. Horny warts on hands and soles.
Graphitis: Finger nails thick, black and rough, matrix inflamed. Toe-nails crippled. Nails brittle, crumbling, deformed, painful, sore. Cracks o fissures in ends of fingers; offensive perspiration of feet.
Fluoric acid: Nails crumble; feeling as of a splinter under the nail. Nails grow rapidly. Profuse, sour, offensive perspiration.
Psorinum: Eruptions around finger nails. Fetid foot sweat. Pustules near finger nails.
Silicea: Affections of finger nails, especially if white spot on nails. Ingrowing toe-nails. Sensation in tips of fingers as is suppurating. Crippled nails.
Sabadilla, Mag. Pol. Aust, Nitric acid, Caust are some other remedies which also have good role in nail complaints.

Comparative Analysis of the Effectiveness of Constitutional Remedies and Mentholum in the Management of Chronic Sinusitis – A Retrospective Case Analysis

  ABSTRACT : Introduction Chronic sinusitis is a prevalent condition that significantly impacts quality of life. Conventional treatments oft...